IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jijerp/v18y2021i10p5289-d555625.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Prenatal HIV Test Uptake and Its Associated Factors for Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission of HIV in East Africa

Author

Listed:
  • Feleke Hailemichael Astawesegn

    (Translational Health Research Institute (THRI), Campbelltown Campus, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia
    School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Hawassa University, Hawassa P.O. Box 1560, Ethiopia)

  • Virginia Stulz

    (School of Nursing and Midwifery Centre for Nursing and Midwifery Research, Western Sydney University, Kingswood, NSW 2340, Australia)

  • Kingsley E. Agho

    (School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia
    African Vision Research Institute, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban 3629, South Africa)

  • Haider Mannan

    (Translational Health Research Institute (THRI), Campbelltown Campus, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia)

  • Elizabeth Conroy

    (Translational Health Research Institute (THRI), Campbelltown Campus, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia)

  • Felix Akpojene Ogbo

    (Translational Health Research Institute (THRI), Campbelltown Campus, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia
    General Practice Unit, Prescot Specialist Medical Centre, Welfare Quarters, Makurdi 972261, Nigeria)

Abstract

Identifying the socioeconomic and structural issues that act as enablers and/or barriers to HIV testing services is critical in combatting HIV/AIDS amongst mothers and children in Africa. In this study, we used a weighted sample of 46,645 women aged 15–49 who gave birth in the two years preceding the survey from the recent DHS dataset of ten East African countries. Multivariable logistic regression was used to investigate the factors associated with prenatal HIV test uptake in East Africa. The overall prenatal HIV test uptake for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV was 80.8% (95% CI: 74.5–78.9%) in East Africa, with highest in Rwanda (97.9%, 95% CI: 97.2–98.3%) and lowest in Comoros (17.0%, 95% CI: 13.9–20.7%). Common factors associated with prenatal HIV test service uptake were higher maternal education level (AOR = 1.29; 95% CI: 1.10–1.50 for primary education and AOR = 1.96; 95% CI: 1.53–2.51 for secondary or higher education), higher partner education level (AOR = 1.24; 95% CI: 1.06–1.45 for primary education and AOR = 1.56; 95% CI: 1.26–1.94 for secondary or higher school), women from higher household wealth index (AOR = 1.29; 95% CI: 1.11–1.50 for middle wealth index; AOR = 1.57; 95% CL: 1.17–2.11 for rich wealth index), improved maternal exposure to the media, and increased awareness about MTCT of HIV. However, residents living in rural communities (AOR = 0.66; 95% CI: 0.51–0.85) and travelling long distances to the health facility (AOR = 0.8; 95% CI: 0.69–0.91) were associated with non-use of prenatal HIV test service in East African countries. In each East African country, factors associated with prenatal HIV test uptake for PMTCT varied. In conclusion, the pooled prenatal HIV test uptake for PMTCT of HIV was low in East Africa compared to the global target. Scaling up interventions to improve enablers whilst addressing barriers to the use of prenatal HIV test services are essential to end the HIV/AIDS epidemic in East African countries.

Suggested Citation

  • Feleke Hailemichael Astawesegn & Virginia Stulz & Kingsley E. Agho & Haider Mannan & Elizabeth Conroy & Felix Akpojene Ogbo, 2021. "Prenatal HIV Test Uptake and Its Associated Factors for Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission of HIV in East Africa," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(10), pages 1-17, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:10:p:5289-:d:555625
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/10/5289/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/10/5289/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. David E. Sahn & David C. Stifel, 2003. "Urban--Rural Inequality in Living Standards in Africa," Journal of African Economies, Centre for the Study of African Economies, vol. 12(4), pages 564-597, December.
    2. Habtamu Tolera & Tegegne Gebre-Egziabher & Helmut Kloos, 2020. "Using Andersen’s behavioral model of health care utilization in a decentralized program to examine the use of antenatal care in rural western Ethiopia," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 15(1), pages 1-18, January.
    3. Yohannes Ejigu & Biniyam Tadesse, 2018. "HIV testing during pregnancy for prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV in Ethiopia," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 13(8), pages 1-11, August.
    4. Elin C Larsson & Anna Ekéus Thorson & George Pariyo & Peter Waiswa & Daniel Kadobera & Gaetano Marrone & Anna Mia Ekström, 2012. "Missed Opportunities: Barriers to HIV Testing during Pregnancy from a Population Based Cohort Study in Rural Uganda," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 7(8), pages 1-8, August.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Derek Headey & David Stifel & Liangzhi You & Zhe Guo, 2018. "Remoteness, urbanization, and child nutrition in sub‐Saharan Africa," Agricultural Economics, International Association of Agricultural Economists, vol. 49(6), pages 765-775, November.
    2. Mussa, Richard, 2010. "Poverty and Inequality in Standards of Living in Malawi: Does Religious Affiliation Matter?," MPRA Paper 24438, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    3. World Bank, 2004. "Sri Lanka - Reshaping Economic Geography : Connecting People to Prosperity," World Bank Publications - Books, The World Bank Group, number 21549.
    4. Richard Mussa, 2013. "Spatial Comparisons of Poverty and Inequality in Living Standards in Malawi," South African Journal of Economics, Economic Society of South Africa, vol. 81(2), pages 192-210, June.
    5. Brueckner, Jan K. & Lall, Somik V., 2015. "Cities in Developing Countries," Handbook of Regional and Urban Economics, in: Gilles Duranton & J. V. Henderson & William C. Strange (ed.), Handbook of Regional and Urban Economics, edition 1, volume 5, chapter 0, pages 1399-1455, Elsevier.
    6. Terry Sicular & Yue Ximing & Björn Gustafsson & Li Shi, 2007. "The Urban–Rural Income Gap And Inequality In China," Review of Income and Wealth, International Association for Research in Income and Wealth, vol. 53(1), pages 93-126, March.
    7. repec:ilo:ilowps:458221 is not listed on IDEAS
    8. Burke, William J. & Jayne, Thomas S. & Freeman, H. Ade & Kristjanson, Patricia, 2007. "Factors Associated with Farm Households’ Movement Into and Out of Poverty in Kenya: The Rising Importance of Livestock," Food Security International Development Working Papers 54563, Michigan State University, Department of Agricultural, Food, and Resource Economics.
    9. Bérenger Valérie & Audrey Verdier‐Chouchane, 2016. "Working Paper 230 - Child Labour and Schooling in South Sudan and Sudan: Is There a Gender Preference?," Working Paper Series 2323, African Development Bank.
    10. Embaye, Weldensie T. & Zereyesus, Yacob A., 2017. "Measuring the value of housing services in household surveys: an application of machine learning approach," 2017 Annual Meeting, February 4-7, 2017, Mobile, Alabama 252851, Southern Agricultural Economics Association.
    11. Yohannes Ejigu & Biniyam Tadesse, 2018. "HIV testing during pregnancy for prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV in Ethiopia," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 13(8), pages 1-11, August.
    12. Faguet, Jean-Paul & Shami, Mahvish, 2008. "Fiscal policy and spatial inequality in Latin America and beyond," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 27162, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    13. Frankema, Ewout & Bolt, Jutta, 2006. "Measuring and Analysing Educational Inequality: The Distribution of Grade Enrolment Rates in Latin America and Sub-Saharan Africa," GGDC Research Memorandum GD-86, Groningen Growth and Development Centre, University of Groningen.
    14. Derek Headey & Sangeetha Malaiyandi & Shenggen Fan, 2010. "Navigating the perfect storm: reflections on the food, energy, and financial crises," Agricultural Economics, International Association of Agricultural Economists, vol. 41(s1), pages 217-228, November.
    15. Tombe, Trevor, 2011. "Structural change and regional convergence: the case of declining transport costs," MPRA Paper 34053, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    16. Frikkie Booysen & Ronelle Burger & Gideon Du Rand & Michael von Maltitz & Servaas Van der Berg, 2007. "Trends in Poverty and Inequality in Seven African Countries," Working Papers PMMA 2007-06, PEP-PMMA.
    17. Wasim, Summerina & Munir, Kashif, 2017. "Regional Disparity and Decentralization in Pakistan: A Decomposition Analysis," MPRA Paper 83444, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    18. Briggs, Ryan C., 2018. "Poor targeting: A gridded spatial analysis of the degree to which aid reaches the poor in Africa," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 103(C), pages 133-148.
    19. Ellen van de Poel & Owen O'Donnell & Eddy van Doorslaer, 2007. "Are Urban Children really healthier?," Tinbergen Institute Discussion Papers 07-035/3, Tinbergen Institute.
    20. Narges Ebadi & Davod Ahmadi & Ibrahim Sirkeci & Hugo Melgar-Quiñonez, 2018. "The Impact of Remittances on Food Security Status in the Global South," Remittances Review, Remittances Review, vol. 3(2), pages 135-150, October.
    21. Dinh-Toi Chu & Hoang-Long Vo & Dang-Khoa Tran & Hao Nguyen Si Anh & Long Bao Hoang & Phong Tran Nhu & Khanh Nguyen Ngoc & Trang Thu Nguyen & Quyet Pham Van & Nguyen Le Bao Tien & Vo Van Thanh & Vu Thi, 2019. "Socioeconomic Inequalities in the HIV Testing during Antenatal Care in Vietnamese Women," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(18), pages 1-11, September.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:10:p:5289-:d:555625. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.