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Effects of Long-Term Repeated Freeze-Thaw Cycles on the Engineering Properties of Compound Solidified/Stabilized Pb-Contaminated Soil: Deterioration Characteristics and Mechanisms

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  • Zhongping Yang

    (College of Civil Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
    Key Laboratory of New Technology for Construction of Cities in Mountain Area (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400045, China
    National Joint Engineering Research Center for Prevention and Control of Environmental Geological Hazards in the TGR Area Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China)

  • Xuyong Li

    (College of Civil Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
    Key Laboratory of New Technology for Construction of Cities in Mountain Area (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400045, China
    National Joint Engineering Research Center for Prevention and Control of Environmental Geological Hazards in the TGR Area Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China)

  • Denghua Li

    (College of Civil Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
    Key Laboratory of New Technology for Construction of Cities in Mountain Area (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400045, China
    National Joint Engineering Research Center for Prevention and Control of Environmental Geological Hazards in the TGR Area Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
    China Coal Technology & Engineering Group (CCTEG) Chongqing Engineering Co., Ltd. Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400045, China)

  • Yao Wang

    (College of Civil Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
    Key Laboratory of New Technology for Construction of Cities in Mountain Area (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400045, China
    National Joint Engineering Research Center for Prevention and Control of Environmental Geological Hazards in the TGR Area Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China)

  • Xinrong Liu

    (College of Civil Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
    Key Laboratory of New Technology for Construction of Cities in Mountain Area (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400045, China
    National Joint Engineering Research Center for Prevention and Control of Environmental Geological Hazards in the TGR Area Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China)

Abstract

The effects of long-term repeated freeze-thaw cycles and pollution levels on the engineering properties ( q u , E 50 , φ, c , and k ) of Pb-contaminated soils were investigated in various laboratory tests. These soils were solidified/stabilized (S/S) with three types of cement-based combined binders (C2.5S5F5, C5S2.5F2.5, and C5S5, cement, lime, and fly ash, mixed in different proportions; these materials are widely used in S/S technology). The strength and permeability coefficient of compound solidified/stabilized Pb-contaminated soils (Pb-CSCSs) were determined based on measurements of unconfined compressive strength (UCS), direct shear, and permeability. CT scanning, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) tests were employed to analyse the deterioration mechanisms under various repetitions of freeze-thaw cycles. The results showed that, under repeated freeze-thaw cycles, the engineering properties of Pb-CSCSs all degraded to varying degrees, though degradation tended to stabilise after 30 days of freeze-thaw cycles. The study also found that the pollutants obstruct hydration and other favourable reactions within the soil structure (such as ion exchanges and agglomerations and pozzolanic reactions). The activation of hydration reactions and the rearrangement of soil particles by freeze-thaw cycles thus caused the engineering properties to fluctuate, and soils exhibited different deterioration characteristics with changes in Pb 2+ content.

Suggested Citation

  • Zhongping Yang & Xuyong Li & Denghua Li & Yao Wang & Xinrong Liu, 2020. "Effects of Long-Term Repeated Freeze-Thaw Cycles on the Engineering Properties of Compound Solidified/Stabilized Pb-Contaminated Soil: Deterioration Characteristics and Mechanisms," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(5), pages 1-24, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:5:p:1798-:d:330686
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Zhongping Yang & Yao Wang & Denghua Li & Xuyong Li & Xinrong Liu, 2020. "Influence of Freeze–Thaw Cycles and Binder Dosage on the Engineering Properties of Compound Solidified/Stabilized Lead-Contaminated Soils," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(3), pages 1-20, February.
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    Cited by:

    1. Zhongping Yang & Jiazhuo Chang & Yao Wang & Xuyong Li & Shu Li, 2021. "Effects of Long-Term Freeze–Thaw Cycles on the Properties of Stabilized/Solidified Lead-Zinc-Cadmium Composite-Contaminated Soil," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(11), pages 1-18, June.

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    1. Zhongping Yang & Jiazhuo Chang & Yao Wang & Xuyong Li & Shu Li, 2021. "Effects of Long-Term Freeze–Thaw Cycles on the Properties of Stabilized/Solidified Lead-Zinc-Cadmium Composite-Contaminated Soil," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(11), pages 1-18, June.

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