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Adsorption Behavior and Relative Distribution of Cd 2+ Adsorption Mechanisms by the Magnetic and Nonmagnetic Biochars Derived from Chicken Manure

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  • Fei Huang

    (Guangdong Industrial Contaminated Site Remediation Technology and Equipment Engineering Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
    College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
    The authors contributed equally to this study.)

  • Lu Zhang

    (College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
    The authors contributed equally to this study.)

  • Ren-Ren Wu

    (Guangdong Key Laboratory of Water and Air Pollution Control, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510530, China)

  • Si-Ming Zhang

    (College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China)

  • Rong-Bo Xiao

    (Guangdong Industrial Contaminated Site Remediation Technology and Equipment Engineering Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China)

Abstract

The present study investigated the adsorption of Cd 2+ by nonmagnetic and magnetic biochars (CMB and M-CMB) derived from chicken manure, respectively. The adsorption characteristics were investigated as a function of initial pH, contact time, initial Cd 2+ concentration and magnetic separation. Adsorption process of both biochars were better described by Pseudo-second-order kinetic equation and Freundlich isotherm model, which were spontaneous and endothermic in nature. It was found that maximum capacities were 60.69 and 41.07 mg/g obtained at the initial Cd 2+ concentration of 180 mg/L for CMB and M-CMB, and the turbidity of adsorption-treated solution was reduced from 244.3 to 11.3 NTU after magnetic separation of 0.5 min. These indicated that M-CMB had lower adsorption capacity of Cd 2+ than CMB, though it was successfully separated from the treated solutions. Furthermore, both biochars before and after adsorption were analyzed by SEM-EDS, XRD and FTIR. Adsorption mechanisms mainly included precipitation, ion-exchange, complexation and Cπ-coordination, in which precipitation and ion-exchange dominated the adsorption process by CMB, while in M-CMB, precipitation was always predominant mechanism, followed by ion-exchange. The two other mechanisms of complexation and Cπ-coordination were trivial in both biochars, jointly contributing 7.21% for CMB and 5.05% for M-CMB to total adsorption. The findings deepen our understanding of the mechanisms governing the adsorption process, which are also important for future practical applications in the removal of heavy metals from wastewater by the biochars.

Suggested Citation

  • Fei Huang & Lu Zhang & Ren-Ren Wu & Si-Ming Zhang & Rong-Bo Xiao, 2020. "Adsorption Behavior and Relative Distribution of Cd 2+ Adsorption Mechanisms by the Magnetic and Nonmagnetic Biochars Derived from Chicken Manure," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(5), pages 1-17, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:5:p:1602-:d:327279
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    Cited by:

    1. Anwar Ameen Hezam Saeed & Noorfidza Yub Harun & Suriati Sufian & Muhammad Roil Bilad & Zaki Yamani Zakaria & Ahmad Hussaini Jagaba & Aiban Abdulhakim Saeed Ghaleb & Haetham G. Mohammed, 2021. "Pristine and Magnetic Kenaf Fiber Biochar for Cd 2+ Adsorption from Aqueous Solution," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(15), pages 1-20, July.
    2. Yingying Shao & Chao Tian & Yanfeng Yang & Yanqiu Shao & Tao Zhang & Xinhua Shi & Weiyi Zhang & Ying Zhu, 2022. "Carbothermal Synthesis of Sludge Biochar Supported Nanoscale Zero-Valent Iron for the Removal of Cd 2+ and Cu 2+ : Preparation, Performance, and Safety Risks," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(23), pages 1-15, November.

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