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Physical Disorders and Poor Self-Rated Health in Adults Living in Four Latin American Cities: A Multilevel Approach

Author

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  • Camila Vaz

    (Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Rua São Paulo 745, Governador Valadares 35010-180, Brazil
    Belo Horizonte Observatory for Urban Health, Avenida Alfredo Balena 190, Belo Horizonte 30130-100, Brazil)

  • Amanda Cristina Andrade

    (Belo Horizonte Observatory for Urban Health, Avenida Alfredo Balena 190, Belo Horizonte 30130-100, Brazil
    Institute of Public Health, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Avenida Fernando Corrêa 2367, Cuiabá 78060-900, Brazil)

  • Uriel Silva

    (Belo Horizonte Observatory for Urban Health, Avenida Alfredo Balena 190, Belo Horizonte 30130-100, Brazil)

  • Daniel Rodríguez

    (Department of City and Regional Planning and Institute for Transportation Studies, University of California, 228 Wurster Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA)

  • Xize Wang

    (Department of Real State, National University of Singapore, 4 Architecture Drive, Singapore 117566, Singapore)

  • Kari Moore

    (Urban Health Collaborative, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, 3215 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA)

  • Amélia Augusta Friche

    (Belo Horizonte Observatory for Urban Health, Avenida Alfredo Balena 190, Belo Horizonte 30130-100, Brazil
    Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Avenida Alfredo Balena 190, Belo Horizonte 30130-100, Brazil)

  • Ana Victoria Diez-Roux

    (Urban Health Collaborative, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, 3215 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA)

  • Waleska Teixeira Caiaffa

    (Belo Horizonte Observatory for Urban Health, Avenida Alfredo Balena 190, Belo Horizonte 30130-100, Brazil
    Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Avenida Alfredo Balena 190, Belo Horizonte 30130-100, Brazil)

Abstract

Considering that urban environments may affect self-rated health through behavioral and psychosocial mechanisms, the aim of this study was to investigate the association between self-rated health and perceived urban environment characteristics among adults living in four Latin American cities. Data is from a population-based survey by Development Bank of Latin America, encompassing adults between 20 and 60 years old in Buenos Aires, Lima, Mexico City, and Panama City. Self-rated health was measured using a single question and the response options were categorized as poor and good. The explanatory variables were empirical Bayes estimates of self-reported area physical disorder, social disorder, access to services, and access to leisure spaces derived from the survey. The covariates were: individual age, sex, education, wealth index, and length of residency in the neighborhood; and an area social environment index. Multilevel logistic regressions with two levels (individual and sub-city areas) were fitted. Poor self-rated health was reported by 34.73% (95% CI: 33.17 to 36.29) of the participants and was associated with physical disorder (OR = 1.16 per SD; 95% CI: 1.02 to 1.32). Our findings suggest that public policies to promote population health should consider area urban environment factors, especially those associated with disorder.

Suggested Citation

  • Camila Vaz & Amanda Cristina Andrade & Uriel Silva & Daniel Rodríguez & Xize Wang & Kari Moore & Amélia Augusta Friche & Ana Victoria Diez-Roux & Waleska Teixeira Caiaffa, 2020. "Physical Disorders and Poor Self-Rated Health in Adults Living in Four Latin American Cities: A Multilevel Approach," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(23), pages 1-12, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:23:p:8956-:d:454762
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Viruell-Fuentes, E.A. & Morenoff, J.D. & Williams, D.R. & House, J.S., 2011. "Language of interview, self-rated health, and the other Latino health puzzle," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 101(7), pages 1306-1313.
    3. Sharp, Gregory & Denney, Justin T. & Kimbro, Rachel T., 2015. "Multiple contexts of exposure: Activity spaces, residential neighborhoods, and self-rated health," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 146(C), pages 204-213.
    4. Jeroen Smits & Roel Steendijk, 2015. "The International Wealth Index (IWI)," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 122(1), pages 65-85, May.
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