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Prevalence and Associated Factors of Self-Reported Gingival Bleeding: A Multicenter Study in France

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  • Thomas Veynachter

    (Faculty of Dentistry, University of Lorraine, 54505 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
    Department of Periodontology, University Hospital, 54000 Nancy, France
    SIMPA, Stress Immunity Pathogens Unit, Brabois Santé Campus, EA 7300, F-54000 Nancy, France
    Thomas Veynachter and Valérie Orti contributed equally to this work (first co-authors).)

  • Valérie Orti

    (Department of Dentistry, University of Montpellier, 34193 Montpellier, France
    Thomas Veynachter and Valérie Orti contributed equally to this work (first co-authors).)

  • Estelle Moulis

    (Department of Dentistry, University of Montpellier, 34193 Montpellier, France)

  • Hélène Rousseau

    (Platform Support for Clinical Research, University Hospital, 54505 Vandoeuvre-Lès-Nancy, France)

  • Nathalie Thilly

    (Platform Support for Clinical Research, University Hospital, 54505 Vandoeuvre-Lès-Nancy, France)

  • Fani Anagnostou

    (Department of Dentistry, Garancière, University of Paris Diderot, 75006 Paris, France)

  • Sylvie Jeanne

    (Department of Periodontology, University of Rennes, 35043 Rennes, France)

  • Catherine Bisson

    (Faculty of Dentistry, University of Lorraine, 54505 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
    Department of Periodontology, University Hospital, 54000 Nancy, France
    SIMPA, Stress Immunity Pathogens Unit, Brabois Santé Campus, EA 7300, F-54000 Nancy, France)

Abstract

Gingival bleeding (GB) is a common sign of gingival inflammation which indicates the presence of periodontal diseases. This cross-sectional multicenter survey aimed to assess the prevalence of self-reported gingival bleeding (SRGB) in French adults and identify the main associated factors. A questionnaire-based interview was randomly proposed to 794 individuals in four French cities (Nancy, Montpellier, Paris, and Rennes). Subjects were recruited in preventive medicine centers (50%), railway stations, and malls (50%). The questionnaire comprised 25 items: SRGB characteristics, socioeconomic variables, oral hygiene habits, use of drugs, and anxiety level. The overall prevalence of SRGB was 63.2% [59.8%; 66.6%], with 58.7% bleeding after toothbrushing and 4.5% spontaneous bleeding. Males reported significantly lower SRGB prevalence than females ( p = 0.04). The distribution of SRGB frequency was inversely proportional to age ( p < 0.0001). No association between drug use and SRGB was found. The people interviewed in the preventive medicine centers reported the highest frequency of SRGB ( p < 0.0001). In the multivariate logistic model, SRGB was significantly related to occupation, smoking status, brushing frequency, and anxiety level. In conclusion, SRGB was prevalent in more than half of the sample and was mainly associated with age, toothbrushing frequency, and anxiety level. Thus, providing information to patients about the importance of this oral manifestation may play an important role in preventing periodontal diseases.

Suggested Citation

  • Thomas Veynachter & Valérie Orti & Estelle Moulis & Hélène Rousseau & Nathalie Thilly & Fani Anagnostou & Sylvie Jeanne & Catherine Bisson, 2020. "Prevalence and Associated Factors of Self-Reported Gingival Bleeding: A Multicenter Study in France," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(22), pages 1-15, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:22:p:8563-:d:447169
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Federica Romano & Stefano Perotto & Laura Bianco & Francesca Parducci & Giulia Maria Mariani & Mario Aimetti, 2020. "Self-Perception of Periodontal Health and Associated Factors: A Cross-Sectional Population-Based Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(8), pages 1-14, April.
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    Cited by:

    1. Hélène Rangé & Alice Pallier & Aminata Ali & Caroline Huas & Pierre Colon & Nathalie Godart, 2021. "Risk Factors for Oral Health in Anorexia Nervosa: Comparison of a Self-Report Questionnaire and a Face-to-Face Interview," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(8), pages 1-9, April.

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