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The Quality, Readability, Completeness, and Accuracy of PTSD Websites for Firefighters

Author

Listed:
  • Shannon C. Killip

    (School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada)

  • Natalie K. R. Kwong

    (Department of Interdisciplinary Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada)

  • Joy C. MacDermid

    (School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
    Department of Physical Therapy and Surgery, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
    Clinical Research Lab, Hand and Upper Limb Centre, St. Joseph’s Health Centre, London, ON N6A 4L6, Canada)

  • Amber J. Fletcher

    (Department of Sociology and Social Studies, University of Regina, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada)

  • Nicholas R. Carleton

    (Anxiety and Illness Behaviours Laboratory, Department of Psychology, University of Regina, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada)

Abstract

Firefighters appear at an increased risk for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Because of PTSD-related stigma, firefighters may search for information online. The current study evaluated the quality, readability, and completeness of PTSD online resources, and to determine how the online treatment recommendations align with current evidence. Google.ca (Canada) searches were performed using four phrases: ‘firefighter PTSD’, ‘firefighter operational stress’, ‘PTSD symptoms’, and ‘PTSD treatment’. The 75 websites identified were assessed using quality criteria for consumer health information (DISCERN), readability and health literacy statistics, content analysis, and a comparison of treatments mentioned to the current best evidence. The average DISCERN score was 43.8 out of 75 (indicating ‘fair’ quality), with 9 ‘poor’ websites (16–30), 31 ‘fair’ websites (31–45), 26 “good” websites (46–60), and nine excellent websites (61–75). The average grade level required to understand the health-related content was 10.6. The most mentioned content was PTSD symptoms (48/75 websites) and PTSD treatments (60/75 websites). The most frequently mentioned treatments were medications (41/75 websites) and cognitive behavioural therapy (40/75 websites). Cognitive behavioural therapy is supported by strong evidence, but evidence for medications appears inconsistent in current systematic reviews. Online PTSD resources exist for firefighters, but the information is challenging to read and lacks evidence-based treatment recommendations.

Suggested Citation

  • Shannon C. Killip & Natalie K. R. Kwong & Joy C. MacDermid & Amber J. Fletcher & Nicholas R. Carleton, 2020. "The Quality, Readability, Completeness, and Accuracy of PTSD Websites for Firefighters," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(20), pages 1-18, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:20:p:7629-:d:431486
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Yan Zhang & Yalin Sun & Bo Xie, 2015. "Quality of health information for consumers on the web: A systematic review of indicators, criteria, tools, and evaluation results," Journal of the Association for Information Science & Technology, Association for Information Science & Technology, vol. 66(10), pages 2071-2084, October.
    2. Jieun E Kim & Stephen R Dager & Hyeonseok S Jeong & Jiyoung Ma & Shinwon Park & Jungyoon Kim & Yera Choi & Suji L Lee & Ilhyang Kang & Eunji Ha & Han Byul Cho & Sunho Lee & Eui-Jung Kim & Sujung Yoon , 2018. "Firefighters, posttraumatic stress disorder, and barriers to treatment: Results from a nationwide total population survey," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 13(1), pages 1-14, January.
    3. Gafni, Amiram & Charles, Cathy & Whelan, Tim, 1998. "The physician-patient encounter: The physician as a perfect agent for the patient versus the informed treatment decision-making model," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 47(3), pages 347-354, August.
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