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Change in Oxidative Stress Biomarkers During 30 Days in Saturation Dive: A Pilot Study

Author

Listed:
  • Simona Mrakic-Sposta

    (Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council (CNR), 20162 Milan, Italy)

  • Alessandra Vezzoli

    (Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council (CNR), 20162 Milan, Italy)

  • Federica D’Alessandro

    (Department of Biomedical Sciences, Environmental and Respiratory Physiology, University of Padova, 35122 Padova, Italy)

  • Matteo Paganini

    (Department of Biomedical Sciences, Environmental and Respiratory Physiology, University of Padova, 35122 Padova, Italy)

  • Cinzia Dellanoce

    (Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council (CNR), 20162 Milan, Italy)

  • Danilo Cialoni

    (Department of Biomedical Sciences, Environmental and Respiratory Physiology, University of Padova, 35122 Padova, Italy
    DAN Europe Research Division, 64026 Roseto degli Abruzzi, Italy)

  • Gerardo Bosco

    (Department of Biomedical Sciences, Environmental and Respiratory Physiology, University of Padova, 35122 Padova, Italy)

Abstract

Saturation diving allows divers to reduce the risk of decompression sickness while working at depth for prolonged periods but may increase reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Such modifications can affect endothelial function by exacerbating oxidative stress. This study investigated the effects of saturation diving on oxidative stress damage. Redox status was evaluated through: ROS production; total antioxidant capacity (TAC); nitric oxide metabolites (NOx); nitrotyrosine (3-NT); and lipid peroxidation (8-iso-PGF2α) assessment. Creatinine and neopterin were analyzed as markers of renal function and damage. Measurements were performed on saliva and urine samples obtained at four time points: pre; deep; post; and 24 h post. Four divers were included in the study. After the saturation dive (post), significant ( p < 0.05) increases in ROS (0.12 ± 0.03 vs. 0.36 ± 0.06 µmol.min −1 ), TAC (1.88 ± 0.03 vs. 2.01 ± 0.08 mM), NOx (207.0 ± 103.3 vs. 441.8 ± 97.3 µM), 3-NT (43.32 ± 18.03 vs. 18.64 ± 7.45 nM·L −1 ), and 8-iso-PGF2α (249.7 ± 45.1 vs. 371.9 ± 54.9 pg·mg −1 creatinine) were detected. Markers of renal damage were increased as well after the end of the saturation dive (creatinine 0.54 ± 0.22 vs. 2.72 ± 1.12 g-L −1 ; neopterin 73.3 ± 27.9 vs. 174.3 ± 20.53 μmol·mol −1 creatinine). These results could ameliorate commercial or military diving protocols or improve the understanding of symptoms caused by oxygen level elevation.

Suggested Citation

  • Simona Mrakic-Sposta & Alessandra Vezzoli & Federica D’Alessandro & Matteo Paganini & Cinzia Dellanoce & Danilo Cialoni & Gerardo Bosco, 2020. "Change in Oxidative Stress Biomarkers During 30 Days in Saturation Dive: A Pilot Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(19), pages 1-10, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:19:p:7118-:d:421068
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Andrea Brizzolari & Gerardo Bosco & Alessandra Vezzoli & Cinzia Dellanoce & Alessandra Barassi & Matteo Paganini & Danilo Cialoni & Simona Mrakic-Sposta, 2023. "Seasonal Oxy-Inflammation and Hydration Status in Non-Elite Freeskiing Racer: A Pilot Study by Non-Invasive Analytic Method," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(4), pages 1-15, February.
    2. Gerardo Bosco & Matteo Paganini & Tommaso Antonio Giacon & Alberto Oppio & Alessandra Vezzoli & Cinzia Dellanoce & Tatiana Moro & Antonio Paoli & Federica Zanotti & Barbara Zavan & Costantino Balestra, 2021. "Oxidative Stress and Inflammation, MicroRNA, and Hemoglobin Variations after Administration of Oxygen at Different Pressures and Concentrations: A Randomized Trial," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(18), pages 1-17, September.

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