IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jijerp/v17y2020i16p5650-d394964.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

The Impact of Device Settings, Use Patterns, and Flavorings on Carbonyl Emissions from Electronic Cigarettes

Author

Listed:
  • Yeongkwon Son

    (Division of Atmospheric Sciences, Desert Research Institute, Reno, NV 89512, USA
    Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA)

  • Clifford Weisel

    (Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
    Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA)

  • Olivia Wackowski

    (Center for Tobacco Studies, School of Public Health, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
    Cancer Prevention & Control Research Program, Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA)

  • Stephan Schwander

    (Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
    Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
    Center for Tobacco Studies, School of Public Health, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
    Department of Urban-Global Public Health, School of Public Health, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07102, USA)

  • Cristine Delnevo

    (Center for Tobacco Studies, School of Public Health, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
    Cancer Prevention & Control Research Program, Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA)

  • Qingyu Meng

    (Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
    Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
    Center for Tobacco Studies, School of Public Health, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA)

Abstract

Health impacts of electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) vaping are associated with the harmful chemicals emitted from e-cigarettes such as carbonyls. However, the levels of various carbonyl compounds under real-world vaping conditions have been understudied. This study evaluated the levels of carbonyl compounds (e.g., formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, glyoxal, and diacetyl, etc.) under various device settings (i.e., power output), vaping topographies, and e-liquid compositions (i.e., base liquid, flavor types). The results showed that e-vapor carbonyl levels were the highest under higher power outputs. The propylene glycol (PG)-based e-liquids generated higher formaldehyde and acetaldehyde than vegetable glycerin (VG)-based e-liquids. In addition, fruit flavored e-liquids (i.e., strawberry and dragon fruit) generated higher formaldehyde emissions than mint/menthol and creamy/sweet flavored e-liquids. While single-top coils formed 3.5-fold more formaldehyde per puff than conventional cigarette smoking, bottom coils generated 10–10,000 times less formaldehyde per puff. In general, increases in puff volume and longer puff durations generated significantly higher amounts of formaldehyde. While e-cigarettes emitted much lower levels of carbonyl compounds compared to conventional cigarettes, the presence of several toxic carbonyl compounds in e-cigarette vapor may still pose potential health risks for users without smoking history, including youth. Therefore, the public health administrations need to consider the vaping conditions which generated higher carbonyls, such as higher power output with PG e-liquid, when developing e-cigarette product standards.

Suggested Citation

  • Yeongkwon Son & Clifford Weisel & Olivia Wackowski & Stephan Schwander & Cristine Delnevo & Qingyu Meng, 2020. "The Impact of Device Settings, Use Patterns, and Flavorings on Carbonyl Emissions from Electronic Cigarettes," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(16), pages 1-14, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:16:p:5650-:d:394964
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/17/16/5650/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/17/16/5650/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Yeongkwon Son & Chiranjivi Bhattarai & Vera Samburova & Andrey Khlystov, 2020. "Carbonyls and Carbon Monoxide Emissions from Electronic Cigarettes Affected by Device Type and Use Patterns," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(8), pages 1-15, April.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Alexandra Noël & Arpita Ghosh, 2022. "Carbonyl Profiles of Electronic Nicotine Delivery System (ENDS) Aerosols Reflect Both the Chemical Composition and the Numbers of E-Liquid Ingredients–Focus on the In Vitro Toxicity of Strawberry and ," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(24), pages 1-18, December.
    2. Edward C. Hensel & Nathan C. Eddingsaas & Qutaiba M. Saleh & Shehan Jayasekera & Samantha Emma Sarles & A. Gary DiFrancesco & Risa J. Robinson, 2022. "Proposed Standard Test Protocols and Outcome Measures for Quantitative Comparison of Emissions from Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(4), pages 1-19, February.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:16:p:5650-:d:394964. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.