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Neighborhood Violent Crime and Perceived Stress in Pregnancy

Author

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  • Megan M. Shannon

    (Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA)

  • Jane E. Clougherty

    (Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA)

  • Clare McCarthy

    (Maternal and Child Health Research Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA)

  • Michal A. Elovitz

    (Maternal and Child Health Research Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA)

  • Max Jordan Nguemeni Tiako

    (Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA)

  • Steven J. Melly

    (Urban Health Collaborative, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA)

  • Heather H. Burris

    (Maternal and Child Health Research Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
    Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
    Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA)

Abstract

Stress has been shown to adversely affect pregnancy outcomes. Neighborhood crime rates may serve as one publicly available social determinant of health for pregnancy studies that use registry or electronic health record datasets in which individual-level stress data are not available. We sought to determine whether neighborhood violent crime incidents were associated with measured perceived stress in a largely minority, urban pregnancy cohort. We performed a secondary analysis of the 1309 Philadelphia residents participating in the Motherhood and Microbiome cohort ( n = 2000) with both neighborhood violent crime and Cohen’s Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-14) data. Generalized linear mixed models accounting for confounding variables and geographic clustering demonstrated that, regardless of race, women with the highest quartile of neighborhood violent crime had significantly elevated odds of high stress compared to women with lower crime. We also found that Black women were more likely to have both the highest quartile of neighborhood violent crime and high stress than non-Black women. Overall, this study demonstrates that neighborhood violent crime is associated with perceived stress in pregnancy. Given disparate exposure to crime and prenatal stress by race, future work is warranted to determine whether urban neighborhood violence and/or stress reduction strategies would improve birth outcome racial disparities.

Suggested Citation

  • Megan M. Shannon & Jane E. Clougherty & Clare McCarthy & Michal A. Elovitz & Max Jordan Nguemeni Tiako & Steven J. Melly & Heather H. Burris, 2020. "Neighborhood Violent Crime and Perceived Stress in Pregnancy," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(15), pages 1-11, August.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:15:p:5585-:d:393679
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Yang Gao & Lisha Fu & Yang Shen, 2024. "The Impact of Urban Migration on the Mental Well-Being of Young Women: Analyzing the Roles of Neighborhood Safety and Subjective Socioeconomic Status in Shaping Resilience against Life Stressors," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(11), pages 1-12, June.
    2. Xi Wang & Jennifer Whittaker & Katherine Kellom & Stephanie Garcia & Deanna Marshall & Tara Dechert & Meredith Matone, 2020. "Integrating the Built and Social Environment into Health Assessments for Maternal and Child Health: Creating a Planning-Friendly Index," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(24), pages 1-18, December.
    3. Cara D. Dolin & Anne M. Mullin & Rachel F. Ledyard & Whitney R. Bender & Eugenia C. South & Celeste P. Durnwald & Heather H. Burris, 2023. "Neighborhood Deprivation and Racial Disparities in Early Pregnancy Impaired Glucose Tolerance," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(12), pages 1-12, June.

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