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Development of the Chinese Version of Medication Adherence Reasons Scale (ChMAR-Scale)

Author

Listed:
  • Pin-Fang Chen

    (Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan)

  • Elizabeth H. Chang

    (Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
    Department of Pharmacy, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 116081, Taiwan
    Research Center for Pharmacoeconomics, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan)

  • Elizabeth J. Unni

    (Department of Social, Behavioral, and Administrative Sciences, Touro College of Pharmacy, New York, NY 10027, USA)

  • Man Hung

    (College of Dental Medicine, Roseman University of Health Sciences, South Jordan, UT 84095, USA)

Abstract

Medication non-adherence is a concern in chronic disease management. Currently, there is no scale that characterizes sufficient non-adherent reasons for practical use in the Chinese population. This study developed and validated the Chinese version of the Medication Adherence Reasons Scale (ChMAR-Scale) and described non-adherence reasons in adult patients taking blood pressure medicine in Taiwan. A forward–backward procedure was used to translate the original MAR-Scale, and new items pertinent to cultural differences were added. Patients aged above 20 years old who were taking blood pressure medicine were recruited from a regional hospital and eight community pharmacies in the Taipei metropolitan area. Data analyses were conducted with IBM SPSS 19 (Armonk, NY, USA). Exploratory factor analysis revealed six domains, including belief, self-perception, forgetfulness, management, availability, and miscellaneous issues, with Cronbach’s alphas ranging from 0.649 to 0.852, item-total correlations ranging from 0.362 to 0.719, and factor loadings ranging from 0.365 to 0.775. Criterion-related validity with the visual analog scale and two global items were 0.525, 0.436, and 0.502. Forgetfulness, belief issues, and self-perception issues were the most common non-adherence reasons. In conclusion, the ChMAR-Scale showed good psychometric properties and identified more reasons for medication non-adherence than other existing scales. Healthcare providers should be vigilant of these problems while consulting patients.

Suggested Citation

  • Pin-Fang Chen & Elizabeth H. Chang & Elizabeth J. Unni & Man Hung, 2020. "Development of the Chinese Version of Medication Adherence Reasons Scale (ChMAR-Scale)," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(15), pages 1-11, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:15:p:5578-:d:393541
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Wen‐Wen Li & Chi‐Tai Kuo & Shiow‐Li Hwang & Hsin‐Tien Hsu, 2012. "Factors related to medication non‐adherence for patients with hypertension in Taiwan," Journal of Clinical Nursing, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 21(13-14), pages 1816-1824, July.
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