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Health Vulnerability Index for Disaster Risk Reduction: Application in Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) Region

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  • Emily Yang Ying Chan

    (Collaborating Centre for Oxford University and CUHK for Disaster and Medical Humanitarian Response (CCOUC), JC (Jockey Club) school of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
    Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
    François-Xavier Bagnoud Center for Health & Human Rights, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02138, USA)

  • Zhe Huang

    (Collaborating Centre for Oxford University and CUHK for Disaster and Medical Humanitarian Response (CCOUC), JC (Jockey Club) school of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China)

  • Holly Ching Yu Lam

    (Collaborating Centre for Oxford University and CUHK for Disaster and Medical Humanitarian Response (CCOUC), JC (Jockey Club) school of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China)

  • Carol Ka Po Wong

    (Collaborating Centre for Oxford University and CUHK for Disaster and Medical Humanitarian Response (CCOUC), JC (Jockey Club) school of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China)

  • Qiang Zou

    (Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Science, Chengdu 610041, China)

Abstract

Despite the importance of health vulnerability in disaster risk assessment, most of the existing disaster vulnerability indicators only emphasize economic and social vulnerability. Important underlying health risks such as non-communicable disease are not included in vulnerability measures. A three-phase methodology approach was used to construct a disaster risk model that includes a number of key health indicators which might be missing in global disaster risk analysis. This study describes the development of an integrated health vulnerability index and explains how the proposed vulnerability index may be incorporated into an all-hazard based disaster risk index in the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), also known as the “Silk Road Economic Belt”, region. Relevant indicators were identified and reviewed in the published literature in PubMed/Medline. A two-stage dimension reduction statistical method was used to determine the weightings of relevant dimensions to the construction of the overall vulnerability index. The proposed final health vulnerability index included nine indicators, including the proportion of the population below 15 and above 65 years, under-five mortality ratio, maternal mortality ratio, tuberculosis prevalence, age-standardized raised blood pressure, physician ratio, hospital bed ratio, and coverage of the measles-containing-vaccine first-dose (MCV1) and diphtheria tetanus toxoid and pertussis (DTP3) vaccines. This proposed index, which has a better reflection of the health vulnerability in communities, may serve as a policy and implementation tool to facilitate the capacity-building of Health-Emergency Disaster Risk management (Health-EDRM).

Suggested Citation

  • Emily Yang Ying Chan & Zhe Huang & Holly Ching Yu Lam & Carol Ka Po Wong & Qiang Zou, 2019. "Health Vulnerability Index for Disaster Risk Reduction: Application in Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) Region," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(3), pages 1-16, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:16:y:2019:i:3:p:380-:d:201743
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Henry Kaiser, 1958. "The varimax criterion for analytic rotation in factor analysis," Psychometrika, Springer;The Psychometric Society, vol. 23(3), pages 187-200, September.
    2. Susan L. Cutter & Bryan J. Boruff & W. Lynn Shirley, 2003. "Social Vulnerability to Environmental Hazards," Social Science Quarterly, Southwestern Social Science Association, vol. 84(2), pages 242-261, June.
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    Cited by:

    1. Holly Ching Yu Lam & Andy Haines & Glenn McGregor & Emily Ying Yang Chan & Shakoor Hajat, 2019. "Time-Series Study of Associations between Rates of People Affected by Disasters and the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) Cycle," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(17), pages 1-16, August.
    2. Zhe Huang & Emily Ying Yang Chan & Chi Shing Wong & Benny Chung Ying Zee, 2021. "Clustering of Socioeconomic Data in Hong Kong for Planning Better Community Health Protection," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(23), pages 1-21, November.
    3. Emily Ying Yang Chan & Holly Ching Yu Lam & Eugene Siu Kai Lo & Sophine Nok Sze Tsang & Tony Ka Chun Yung & Carol Ka Po Wong, 2019. "Food-Related Health Emergency-Disaster Risk Reduction in Rural Ethnic Minority Communities: A Pilot Study of Knowledge, Awareness and Practice of Food Labelling and Salt-intake Reduction in a Kunge Co," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(9), pages 1-14, April.
    4. Emily Ying Yang Chan & Holly Ching Yu Lam, 2020. "Research Frontiers of Health Emergency and Disaster Risk Management: What Do We Know So Far?," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(5), pages 1-4, March.
    5. Júlia Alves Menezes & Ana Paula Madureira & Rhavena Barbosa dos Santos & Isabela de Brito Duval & Pedro Regoto & Carina Margonari & Martha Macêdo de Lima Barata & Ulisses Confalonieri, 2021. "Analyzing Spatial Patterns of Health Vulnerability to Drought in the Brazilian Semiarid Region," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(12), pages 1-19, June.
    6. Chenggang Zhang & Mingyu Wang, 2022. "A Study on the Evaluation of the Public Health Governance in Countries along the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI)," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(22), pages 1-13, November.

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