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The Prevalence of Vaping and Smoking as Modes of Delivery for Nicotine and Cannabis among Youth in Canada, England and the United States

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  • Fathima Fataar

    (School of Public Health & Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada)

  • David Hammond

    (School of Public Health & Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada)

Abstract

Background: Vaping has become an increasingly common mode of administration for both nicotine and cannabis, with overlap among users, devices, as well as nicotine and cannabis companies. There is a need to understand patterns of use among youth, including the way nicotine and cannabis are administered. Methods: Data are from Wave 2 of the ITC Youth Tobacco and Vaping survey, an online survey conducted in 2018 among 16–19 year-olds recruited from commercial panels in Canada ( n = 3757), England ( n = 3819), and the U.S. ( n = 3961). The prevalence of past 30-day vaping nicotine, non-nicotine and cannabis substances, as well as cannabis modes of use was examined. Logistic regression models examined between country differences in prevalence. Results: Past 30-day cannabis use was highest among Canadian youth (16.6%), followed by youth in the U.S. (13.8%) and England (9.0%). Vaping e-cigarettes was substantially more prevalent than vaping cannabis in all three countries. All forms of cannabis use were higher among Canadian and U.S. youth compared to England ( p < 0.001 for all). Past 30-day cannabis users in the U.S. were more likely to report vaping cannabis oil (30.1%), and consuming solid concentrates such as wax and shatter (30.2%), compared to cannabis users in Canada (18.6% and 22.9%) and England (14.3% and 11.0%; p < 0.001 for all). Conclusions: Youth are administering cannabis and nicotine using a wide diversity of modes. Cannabis users in the U.S.—where an increasing number of states have legalized medical and non-medical cannabis—reported notably higher use of more potent cannabis products, including cannabis oils and extracts.

Suggested Citation

  • Fathima Fataar & David Hammond, 2019. "The Prevalence of Vaping and Smoking as Modes of Delivery for Nicotine and Cannabis among Youth in Canada, England and the United States," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(21), pages 1-13, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:16:y:2019:i:21:p:4111-:d:280153
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    6. Fischer, B. & Russell, C. & Sabioni, P. & Van Den Brink, W. & Le Foll, B. & Hall, W. & Rehm, J. & Room, R., 2017. "Lower-risk cannabis use guidelines: A comprehensive update of evidence and recommendations," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 107(8), pages 1-12.
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    Keywords

    vaping; cannabis; nicotine; youth;
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