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Diet Education as a Success Factor of Glycemia Regulation in Diabetes Patients: A Prospective Study

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Listed:
  • Zvjezdana Gvozdanović

    (General Hospital Našice, Našice 31 500, Croatia
    Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek 31 000, Croatia
    Nursing Institute “Professor Radivoje Radić”, Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health Osijek Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek 31 000, Croatia)

  • Nikolina Farčić

    (Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek 31 000, Croatia
    Nursing Institute “Professor Radivoje Radić”, Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health Osijek Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek 31 000, Croatia
    Department of Surgery, University Hospital Centre Osijek, Osijek 31 000, Croatia)

  • Harolt Placento

    (General Hospital Našice, Našice 31 500, Croatia
    Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek 31 000, Croatia
    Nursing Institute “Professor Radivoje Radić”, Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health Osijek Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek 31 000, Croatia)

  • Robert Lovrić

    (Nursing Institute “Professor Radivoje Radić”, Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health Osijek Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek 31 000, Croatia)

  • Željka Dujmić

    (Nursing Institute “Professor Radivoje Radić”, Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health Osijek Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek 31 000, Croatia
    General Hospital “Dr. Josip Benčević” Slavonski Brod, Slavonski Brod 35 000, Croatia)

  • Ana Jurić

    (General Hospital Našice, Našice 31 500, Croatia)

  • Blaženka Miškić

    (General Hospital “Dr. Josip Benčević” Slavonski Brod, Slavonski Brod 35 000, Croatia)

  • Nada Prlić

    (Nursing Institute “Professor Radivoje Radić”, Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health Osijek Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek 31 000, Croatia)

Abstract

Background: The aim of this study was to examine the effect of dietary education on glycemic control in patients with any type of diabetes at four-week and two-year follow-ups. Methods: A two-year prospective study was conducted in three phases: before, four weeks after, and two years after an educational program. The participants were patients diagnosed with diabetes who were receiving insulin or oral hypoglycemics and who attended the Diabetes Clinic of the General County Hospital Našice, Croatia to receive their treatment. The questionnaire and educational program were created for the purpose of this study. Measurements were made (fasting blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin, body mass index, blood pressure, knowledge test) at baseline, four weeks and two years after education. Results: A total of 109 participants took part in the study, of which 56 (51.4%) were on insulin therapy and 53 (48.6%) were on oral therapy, after two years, 78 (72%) subjects were followed up with. There was no control group. At the two-year follow-up, participants with insulin therapy had significantly higher glycated hemoglobin (Mann–Whitney U test, p = 0.035). Significant differences were observed in fasted blood glucose (Friedman’s test, p = 0.001), diastolic pressure (Friedman’s test, P = 0.018), and glycated hemoglobin (Wilcoxon test, p < 0.001) between Phase 1 and Phase 3. Conclusions: Education has a positive effect on adherence to recommended diet and glycemia regulation in diabetes patients after four-week follow-ups. However, after two years, participants showed a decrease in adherence to recommended diet and increased glycemia.

Suggested Citation

  • Zvjezdana Gvozdanović & Nikolina Farčić & Harolt Placento & Robert Lovrić & Željka Dujmić & Ana Jurić & Blaženka Miškić & Nada Prlić, 2019. "Diet Education as a Success Factor of Glycemia Regulation in Diabetes Patients: A Prospective Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(20), pages 1-10, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:16:y:2019:i:20:p:4003-:d:278271
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Sung-Kyoung Lee & Dong-Hyun Shin & Yong-Hyun Kim & Kang-Sook Lee, 2019. "Effect of Diabetes Education Through Pattern Management on Self-Care and Self-Efficacy in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(18), pages 1-12, September.
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    Cited by:

    1. Zvjezdana Gvozdanović & Nikolina Farčić & Hrvoje Šimić & Vikica Buljanović & Lea Gvozdanović & Sven Katalinić & Stana Pačarić & Domagoj Gvozdanović & Željka Dujmić & Blaženka Miškić & Ivana Barać & Na, 2021. "The Impact of Education, COVID-19 and Risk Factors on the Quality of Life in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(5), pages 1-14, February.
    2. Juan Antonio López Núñez & Jesús López-Belmonte & Antonio-José Moreno-Guerrero & José Antonio Marín-Marín, 2020. "Dietary Intervention through Flipped Learning as a Techno Pedagogy for the Promotion of Healthy Eating in Secondary Education," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(9), pages 1-16, April.

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