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Association of Low Sputum Smear Positivity among Tuberculosis Patients with Interferon-Gamma Release Assay Outcomes of Close Contacts in Japan

Author

Listed:
  • Tsuyoshi Ogata

    (Tsuchiura Public Health Center of Ibaraki Prefectural Government, Tsuchiura 300-0812, Japan)

  • Natsuki Nagasu

    (Mito Public Health Center of Ibaraki Prefectural Government, Mito 300-0852, Japan)

  • Ritei Uehara

    (Department of Epidemiology for Community Health and Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan)

  • Kunihiko Ito

    (Japan Anti-tuberculosis Association, Tokyo 101-0061, Japan)

Abstract

Risk prediction and response measures may differ in tuberculosis (TB) patients with low sputum smear positivity for acid-fast bacillus (AFB) compared to those who are smear negative. However, previous studies using the tuberculin skin test (TST) did not show that differences in measures are important. This study compared results of interferon-gamma release assays (IGRA) between contacts of pulmonary TB patients with AFB smear positivity and those with smear negativity using QuantiFERON ® -TB Gold In-Tube (QFT) assays. Close contacts of TB patients with culture-confirmed infections between April 2010 and December 2012 in Ibaraki, Japan, were enrolled, and 439 Japanese contacts of 129 index TB patients were examined. Adjusted odds ratios of QFT in contacts were 0.68 (95% confidence interval: 0.17–2.8) for AFB scanty patients, 1.12 (0.45–2.8) for AFB 1+, 1.20 (0.48–3.0) for AFB 2+, and 4.96 (1.9–12.9) for AFB 3+, compared to those who were smear negative. Differences in IGRA positivity were not significant between close contacts of TB patients with low positive and negative smears.

Suggested Citation

  • Tsuyoshi Ogata & Natsuki Nagasu & Ritei Uehara & Kunihiko Ito, 2019. "Association of Low Sputum Smear Positivity among Tuberculosis Patients with Interferon-Gamma Release Assay Outcomes of Close Contacts in Japan," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(19), pages 1-8, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:16:y:2019:i:19:p:3713-:d:272928
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Albert Nienhaus & Anja Schablon & Roland Diel, 2008. "Interferon-Gamma Release Assay for the Diagnosis of Latent TB Infection – Analysis of Discordant Results, when Compared to the Tuberculin Skin Test," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 3(7), pages 1-6, July.
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