IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jijerp/v16y2019i18p3369-d266486.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Evaluating the Reliability and Validity of the Children’s Vitality-Relaxation Scale

Author

Listed:
  • Kyung-Sook Bang

    (Faculty of College of Nursing, The Research Institute of Nursing Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea)

  • Sungjae Kim

    (Faculty of College of Nursing, The Research Institute of Nursing Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea)

  • Kalevi M. Korpela

    (Faculty of Social Sciences/Psychology, Tampere University, FIN-33014 Tampere, Finland)

  • Min Kyung Song

    (College of Nursing, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea)

  • Gumhee Lee

    (College of Nursing, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea)

  • Yeseul Jeong

    (College of Nursing, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea)

Abstract

This study developed the Children’s Vitality-Relaxation Scale (CVRS) by revising the adult version of the Restoration Outcome Scale (ROS). The CVRS was translated and culturally adapted into Korean, and its reliability and validity were evaluated in a cross-sectional, descriptive design study. Data collected from 181 elementary school students in grades 4‒6 were used to test the validity and reliability of the CVRS. Exploratory factor analysis, Pearson’s correlation, known-groups comparison, and Cronbach’s alpha were used for analysis. The factor analysis indicated a two-factor structure, and all factor loadings were above 0.40. The CVRS was a seven-point Likert scale consisting of eight items, which were classified as “vitality” (four items) and “relaxation” (four items). The external construct validity with the PANAS, PSS, and SRI was acceptable. In the known-groups comparison, the CVRS score was significantly higher for boys than for girls, and the CVRS score for high-income students was higher than low-income students. The Cronbach’s α for the scale was 0.84 and ranged from 0.72–0.87 for the subscales. Results showed that the CVRS is a valid and reliable scale with acceptable psychometric characteristics in Korean children. The scale can be used to measure children’s affect in various settings.

Suggested Citation

  • Kyung-Sook Bang & Sungjae Kim & Kalevi M. Korpela & Min Kyung Song & Gumhee Lee & Yeseul Jeong, 2019. "Evaluating the Reliability and Validity of the Children’s Vitality-Relaxation Scale," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(18), pages 1-11, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:16:y:2019:i:18:p:3369-:d:266486
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/16/18/3369/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/16/18/3369/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Subin Park & Hyesue Jang & Eun-Sun Lee, 2018. "Major Stressors among Korean Adolescents According to Gender, Educational Level, Residential Area, and Socioeconomic Status," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-9, September.
    2. Ed Diener & Derrick Wirtz & William Tov & Chu Kim-Prieto & Dong-won Choi & Shigehiro Oishi & Robert Biswas-Diener, 2010. "New Well-being Measures: Short Scales to Assess Flourishing and Positive and Negative Feelings," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 97(2), pages 143-156, June.
    3. Ironson, Gail & Banerjee, Nikhil & Fitch, Calvin & Krause, Neal, 2018. "Positive emotional well-being, health Behaviors, and inflammation measured by C-Reactive protein," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 197(C), pages 235-243.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Maw–Der Foo & Marilyn A. Uy & Charles Murnieks, 2015. "Beyond Affective Valence: Untangling Valence and Activation Influences on Opportunity Identification," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 39(2), pages 407-431, March.
    2. Yi-Ching Hsieh & Hung-Chang Chiu & Yun-Chia Tang & Wei-Yun Lin, 2018. "Does Raising Value Co-creation Increase All Customers’ Happiness?," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 152(4), pages 1053-1067, November.
    3. Li, Tingting Elle & Chan, Eric Tak Hin, 2017. "Diaspora tourism and well-being: A eudaimonic view," Annals of Tourism Research, Elsevier, vol. 63(C), pages 205-206.
    4. M. Sirgy, 2011. "Theoretical Perspectives Guiding QOL Indicator Projects," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 103(1), pages 1-22, August.
    5. Merrick Powell & Kirk N. Olsen & William Forde Thompson, 2023. "Music, Pleasure, and Meaning: The Hedonic and Eudaimonic Motivations for Music (HEMM) Scale," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(6), pages 1-19, March.
    6. Zuoxian Gan & Tao Feng & Min Yang, 2018. "Exploring the Effects of Car Ownership and Commuting on Subjective Well-Being: A Nationwide Questionnaire Study," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(1), pages 1-20, December.
    7. Nelli Ferenczi & Tara C Marshall, 2013. "Exploring Attachment to the “Homeland” and Its Association with Heritage Culture Identification," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 8(1), pages 1-17, January.
    8. Yoo Mi Jeong & Hanjong Park, 2020. "Influence of Parental Attitude Toward Psychiatric Help on Their Children’s Suicidal Ideation: A Convenience Sample Study on One South Korean Middle School," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(20), pages 1-12, October.
    9. Yixuan Liu & Liumeng Li & Guomei Miao & Xinyan Yang & Yinghui Wu & Yanling Xu & Yonghong Gao & Yongzhi Zhan & Yiwei Zhong & Shujuan Yang, 2021. "Relationship between Children’s Intergenerational Emotional Support and Subjective Well-Being among Middle-Aged and Elderly People in China: The Mediation Role of the Sense of Social Fairness," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(1), pages 1-12, December.
    10. Sakari Kainulainen, 2020. "Flourishing within the Working-Aged Finnish Population," Applied Research in Quality of Life, Springer;International Society for Quality-of-Life Studies, vol. 15(1), pages 187-205, March.
    11. Sujit Raghunathrao Jagadale & Himadri Roy‐Chaudhuri & Djavlonbek Kadirov, 2021. "Quality‐of‐life as chronotopefication and futurization: Subsistence consumer experiences in India," Journal of Consumer Affairs, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 55(1), pages 59-86, March.
    12. Sook Kyoung Park & Hae-Kyung Jo & Eunju Song, 2023. "Mental Health and Smoking-Related Determinants of Alcohol Drinking Experience in Korean Adolescents," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(6), pages 1-9, March.
    13. Erin Percival Carter & Stephanie Welcomer, 2021. "Designing and Distinguishing Meaningful Artisan Food Experiences," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(15), pages 1-13, July.
    14. Annamaria Di Fabio & Maureen E. Kenny, 2018. "Intrapreneurial Self-Capital: A Key Resource for Promoting Well-Being in a Shifting Work Landscape," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(9), pages 1-11, August.
    15. Michael A. Busseri & Mojan Naisani Samani, 2019. "Lay Theories for Life Satisfaction and the Belief that Life Gets Better and Better," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 20(5), pages 1647-1672, June.
    16. Asude Malkoç & Aynur Kesen Mutlu, 2019. "Mediating the Effect of Cognitive Flexibility in the Relationship between Psychological Well-Being and Self-Confidence: A Study on Turkish University Students," International Journal of Higher Education, Sciedu Press, vol. 8(6), pages 278-278, December.
    17. Shafiullah Jan & M. Fahad Siddiqi & Karim Ullah, 2019. "Maqasid al Shariah and Stakeholders’ Wellbeing in Islamic Banks: A Proposed Framework," Business & Economic Review, Institute of Management Sciences, Peshawar, Pakistan, vol. 11(1), pages 83-102, March.
    18. Kamlesh Singh & Mahima Raina, 2020. "Demographic Correlates and Validation of PERMA and WEMWBS Scales in Indian Adolescents," Child Indicators Research, Springer;The International Society of Child Indicators (ISCI), vol. 13(4), pages 1175-1186, August.
    19. Andrea Chmitorz & Mario Wenzel & Rolf-Dieter Stieglitz & Angela Kunzler & Christiana Bagusat & Isabella Helmreich & Anna Gerlicher & Miriam Kampa & Thomas Kubiak & Raffael Kalisch & Klaus Lieb & Olive, 2018. "Population-based validation of a German version of the Brief Resilience Scale," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 13(2), pages 1-14, February.
    20. Hezhi Chen & Zhijia Zeng, 2023. "Seeking Pleasure is Good, but Avoiding Pain is Bad: Distinguishing Hedonic Approach from Hedonic Avoidance Orientations," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 24(7), pages 2377-2393, October.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    affect; child; scale development;
    All these keywords.

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:16:y:2019:i:18:p:3369-:d:266486. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.