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A Correlational Analysis of the Relationships among Intolerance of Uncertainty, Anxiety Sensitivity, Subjective Sleep Quality, and Insomnia Symptoms

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  • Marco Lauriola

    (Department of Social and Developmental Psychology, Sapienza, University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy)

  • R. Nicholas Carleton

    (Department of Psychology, University of Regina, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada)

  • Daniela Tempesta

    (Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy)

  • Pierpaolo Calanna

    (Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, Sapienza, University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy)

  • Valentina Socci

    (Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy)

  • Oriana Mosca

    (Department of Social and Developmental Psychology, Sapienza, University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy)

  • Federico Salfi

    (Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy)

  • Luigi De Gennaro

    (Department of Psychology, Sapienza, University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy)

  • Michele Ferrara

    (Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy)

Abstract

In this study, we used structural equation modeling to investigate the interplay among Intolerance of Uncertainty (IU), Anxiety Sensitivity (AS), and sleep problems. Three hundred undergraduate students completed the Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale, the Intolerance of Uncertainty Inventory, the Anxiety Sensitivity Index, the Beck Depression Inventory, the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and the Insomnia Severity Index. 68% and 40% of the students reported poor sleep quality or sub-threshold insomnia problems, respectively. Depression and anxiety levels were above the cut-off for about one-fourth of the participants. Structural equation modeling revealed that IU was strongly associated with AS, in turn influencing both insomnia severity and sleep quality via depression and anxiety. Significant indirect effects revealed that an anxious pathway was more strongly associated with insomnia severity, while a depression pathway was more relevant for worsening the quality of sleep. We discussed the results in the frameworks of cognitive models of insomnia. Viewing AS and IU as antecedents of sleep problems and assigning to AS a pivotal role, our study suggested indications for clinical interventions on a population at risk for sleep disorders.

Suggested Citation

  • Marco Lauriola & R. Nicholas Carleton & Daniela Tempesta & Pierpaolo Calanna & Valentina Socci & Oriana Mosca & Federico Salfi & Luigi De Gennaro & Michele Ferrara, 2019. "A Correlational Analysis of the Relationships among Intolerance of Uncertainty, Anxiety Sensitivity, Subjective Sleep Quality, and Insomnia Symptoms," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(18), pages 1-15, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:16:y:2019:i:18:p:3253-:d:264237
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Albert Satorra & Peter Bentler, 2001. "A scaled difference chi-square test statistic for moment structure analysis," Psychometrika, Springer;The Psychometric Society, vol. 66(4), pages 507-514, December.
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    1. Thomas Volken & Annina Zysset & Simone Amendola & Agnes von Wyl & Julia Dratva & on behalf of the HES-C Research Group, 2021. "Generalized Anxiety among Swiss Health Professions and Non-Health Professions Students: An Open Cohort Study over 14 Months in the COVID-19 Pandemic," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(20), pages 1-14, October.
    2. Giulia D’Aurizio & Angelica Caldarola & Marianna Ninniri & Marialucia Avvantaggiato & Giuseppe Curcio, 2020. "Sleep Quality and Psychological Status in a Group of Italian Prisoners," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(12), pages 1-10, June.
    3. Lorenzo Viselli & Federico Salfi & Aurora D’Atri & Giulia Amicucci & Michele Ferrara, 2021. "Sleep Quality, Insomnia Symptoms, and Depressive Symptomatology among Italian University Students before and during the Covid-19 Lockdown," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(24), pages 1-10, December.

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