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Metals in Occluded Water: A New Perspective for Pollution in Drinking Water Distribution Systems

Author

Listed:
  • Huiyan Tong

    (Dalian University of Technology, No.2 Dagong Road, New District of Liaodong Bay, Panjin 124221, Liaoning, China)

  • Zhongyue Li

    (Dalian University of Technology, No.2 Dagong Road, New District of Liaodong Bay, Panjin 124221, Liaoning, China)

  • Xingshuai Hu

    (Dalian University of Technology, No.2 Dagong Road, New District of Liaodong Bay, Panjin 124221, Liaoning, China)

  • Weiping Xu

    (Dalian University of Technology, No.2 Dagong Road, New District of Liaodong Bay, Panjin 124221, Liaoning, China)

  • Zhengkun Li

    (Dalian University of Technology, No.2 Dagong Road, New District of Liaodong Bay, Panjin 124221, Liaoning, China)

Abstract

Occluded water is water that remains inside corrosion scales within deteriorating distribution pipes. The accumulation of iron and manganese in the occluded water is a potential risk for water quality. Thus, this study investigated the change in metal (iron, manganese, copper and chromium) concentration in occluded water, the effect of these metals on the flowing water, and the source of iron and manganese in the occluded water using a simulation device. The results showed that total iron and total manganese were enriched in the occluded water, while the concentrations of total copper and total chromium in the occluded water gradually decreased over time. The iron and manganese in the occluded water migrate to the flowing water causing pollution in the flowing water. Also, copper and chromium adsorb on the corrosion scales within the pipes. The iron and manganese in the occluded water mainly came from the corrosion of the metal pipes, and the corrosion scales had a certain obstructive effect on the outward migration of iron in the occluded water but had less hindrance to the migration of manganese. Occluded water plays a critical role in the pollution of drinking water, and additional work is needed to control metal accumulation and release.

Suggested Citation

  • Huiyan Tong & Zhongyue Li & Xingshuai Hu & Weiping Xu & Zhengkun Li, 2019. "Metals in Occluded Water: A New Perspective for Pollution in Drinking Water Distribution Systems," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(16), pages 1-12, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:16:y:2019:i:16:p:2849-:d:256243
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Muyessar Turdi & Linsheng Yang, 2016. "Trace Elements Contamination and Human Health Risk Assessment in Drinking Water from the Agricultural and Pastoral Areas of Bay County, Xinjiang, China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 13(10), pages 1-15, September.
    2. Muting Yan & Huayue Nie & Wenjing Wang & Yumei Huang & Jun Wang, 2018. "Occurrence and Toxicological Risk Assessment of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Heavy Metals in Drinking Water Resources of Southern China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(7), pages 1-12, July.
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