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Overview of Existing Heat-Health Warning Systems in Europe

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  • Ana Casanueva

    (Federal Office of Meteorology and Climatology MeteoSwiss, 8058 Zurich Airport, Switzerland
    Meteorology Group, Dept. Applied Mathematics and Computer Sciences, University of Cantabria, 39005 Santander, Spain)

  • Annkatrin Burgstall

    (Federal Office of Meteorology and Climatology MeteoSwiss, 8058 Zurich Airport, Switzerland)

  • Sven Kotlarski

    (Federal Office of Meteorology and Climatology MeteoSwiss, 8058 Zurich Airport, Switzerland)

  • Alessandro Messeri

    (Centre of Bioclimatology (CIBIC), University of Florence, 50144 Florence, Italy
    Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry (DAGRI), University of Florence, 50144 Florence, Italy)

  • Marco Morabito

    (Centre of Bioclimatology (CIBIC), University of Florence, 50144 Florence, Italy
    Institute of BioEconomy—National Research Council, 50019 Florence, Italy)

  • Andreas D. Flouris

    (FAME Laboratory, Department of Exercise Science, University of Thessaly, 42100 Trikala, Greece)

  • Lars Nybo

    (Department of Nutrition and Exercise Sciences, University of Copenhagen (NEXS), 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark)

  • Christoph Spirig

    (Federal Office of Meteorology and Climatology MeteoSwiss, 8058 Zurich Airport, Switzerland)

  • Cornelia Schwierz

    (Federal Office of Meteorology and Climatology MeteoSwiss, 8058 Zurich Airport, Switzerland)

Abstract

The frequency of extreme heat events, such as the summer of 2003 in Europe, and their corresponding consequences for human beings are expected to increase under a warmer climate. The joint collaboration of institutional agencies and multidisciplinary approaches is essential for a successful development of heat-health warning systems and action plans which can reduce the impacts of extreme heat on the population. The present work constitutes a state-of-the-art review of 16 European heat-health warning systems and heat-health action plans, based on the existing literature, web search (over the National Meteorological Services websites) and questionnaires. The aim of this study is to pave the way for future heat-health warning systems, such as the one currently under development in the framework of the Horizon 2020 HEAT-SHIELD project. Some aspects are highlighted among the variety of examined European warning systems. The meteorological variables that trigger the warnings should present a clear link with the impact under consideration and should be chosen depending on the purpose and target of the warnings. Setting long-term planning actions as well as pre-alert levels might prevent and reduce damages due to heat. Finally, education and communication are key elements of the success of a warning system.

Suggested Citation

  • Ana Casanueva & Annkatrin Burgstall & Sven Kotlarski & Alessandro Messeri & Marco Morabito & Andreas D. Flouris & Lars Nybo & Christoph Spirig & Cornelia Schwierz, 2019. "Overview of Existing Heat-Health Warning Systems in Europe," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(15), pages 1-22, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:16:y:2019:i:15:p:2657-:d:251482
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
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    5. Annkatrin Burgstall & Ana Casanueva & Sven Kotlarski & Cornelia Schwierz, 2019. "Heat Warnings in Switzerland: Reassessing the Choice of the Current Heat Stress Index," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(15), pages 1-19, July.
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    Cited by:

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    3. Shih-Chun Candice Lung & Jou-Chen Joy Yeh & Jing-Shiang Hwang, 2021. "Selecting Thresholds of Heat-Warning Systems with Substantial Enhancement of Essential Population Health Outcomes for Facilitating Implementation," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(18), pages 1-21, September.
    4. Jakob Petersson & Kalev Kuklane & Chuansi Gao, 2019. "Is There a Need to Integrate Human Thermal Models with Weather Forecasts to Predict Thermal Stress?," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(22), pages 1-18, November.
    5. B. R. M. Kingma & H. Steenhoff & J. Toftum & H. A. M. Daanen & M. A. Folkerts & N. Gerrett & C. Gao & K. Kuklane & J. Petersson & A. Halder & M. Zuurbier & S. W. Garland & L. Nybo, 2021. "ClimApp—Integrating Personal Factors with Weather Forecasts for Individualised Warning and Guidance on Thermal Stress," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(21), pages 1-26, October.
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    7. Tjaša Pogačar & Zala Žnidaršič & Lučka Kajfež Bogataj & Zalika Črepinšek, 2020. "Steps Towards Comprehensive Heat Communication in the Frame of a Heat Health Warning System in Slovenia," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(16), pages 1-16, August.
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    12. Zoé A Hamstead, 2024. "Thermal insecurity: Violence of heat and cold in the urban climate refuge," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 61(3), pages 531-548, February.
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