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Overview of Existing Heat-Health Warning Systems in Europe

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  • Ana Casanueva

    (Federal Office of Meteorology and Climatology MeteoSwiss, 8058 Zurich Airport, Switzerland
    Meteorology Group, Dept. Applied Mathematics and Computer Sciences, University of Cantabria, 39005 Santander, Spain)

  • Annkatrin Burgstall

    (Federal Office of Meteorology and Climatology MeteoSwiss, 8058 Zurich Airport, Switzerland)

  • Sven Kotlarski

    (Federal Office of Meteorology and Climatology MeteoSwiss, 8058 Zurich Airport, Switzerland)

  • Alessandro Messeri

    (Centre of Bioclimatology (CIBIC), University of Florence, 50144 Florence, Italy
    Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry (DAGRI), University of Florence, 50144 Florence, Italy)

  • Marco Morabito

    (Centre of Bioclimatology (CIBIC), University of Florence, 50144 Florence, Italy
    Institute of BioEconomy—National Research Council, 50019 Florence, Italy)

  • Andreas D. Flouris

    (FAME Laboratory, Department of Exercise Science, University of Thessaly, 42100 Trikala, Greece)

  • Lars Nybo

    (Department of Nutrition and Exercise Sciences, University of Copenhagen (NEXS), 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark)

  • Christoph Spirig

    (Federal Office of Meteorology and Climatology MeteoSwiss, 8058 Zurich Airport, Switzerland)

  • Cornelia Schwierz

    (Federal Office of Meteorology and Climatology MeteoSwiss, 8058 Zurich Airport, Switzerland)

Abstract

The frequency of extreme heat events, such as the summer of 2003 in Europe, and their corresponding consequences for human beings are expected to increase under a warmer climate. The joint collaboration of institutional agencies and multidisciplinary approaches is essential for a successful development of heat-health warning systems and action plans which can reduce the impacts of extreme heat on the population. The present work constitutes a state-of-the-art review of 16 European heat-health warning systems and heat-health action plans, based on the existing literature, web search (over the National Meteorological Services websites) and questionnaires. The aim of this study is to pave the way for future heat-health warning systems, such as the one currently under development in the framework of the Horizon 2020 HEAT-SHIELD project. Some aspects are highlighted among the variety of examined European warning systems. The meteorological variables that trigger the warnings should present a clear link with the impact under consideration and should be chosen depending on the purpose and target of the warnings. Setting long-term planning actions as well as pre-alert levels might prevent and reduce damages due to heat. Finally, education and communication are key elements of the success of a warning system.

Suggested Citation

  • Ana Casanueva & Annkatrin Burgstall & Sven Kotlarski & Alessandro Messeri & Marco Morabito & Andreas D. Flouris & Lars Nybo & Christoph Spirig & Cornelia Schwierz, 2019. "Overview of Existing Heat-Health Warning Systems in Europe," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(15), pages 1-22, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:16:y:2019:i:15:p:2657-:d:251482
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Ghasem Toloo & Gerard FitzGerald & Peter Aitken & Kenneth Verrall & Shilu Tong, 2013. "Evaluating the effectiveness of heat warning systems: systematic review of epidemiological evidence," International Journal of Public Health, Springer;Swiss School of Public Health (SSPH+), vol. 58(5), pages 667-681, October.
    2. Annkatrin Burgstall & Ana Casanueva & Sven Kotlarski & Cornelia Schwierz, 2019. "Heat Warnings in Switzerland: Reassessing the Choice of the Current Heat Stress Index," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(15), pages 1-19, July.
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    7. Marco Morabito & Alessandro Messeri & Pascal Noti & Ana Casanueva & Alfonso Crisci & Sven Kotlarski & Simone Orlandini & Cornelia Schwierz & Christoph Spirig & Boris R.M. Kingma & Andreas D. Flouris &, 2019. "An Occupational Heat–Health Warning System for Europe: The HEAT-SHIELD Platform," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(16), pages 1-21, August.
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    Cited by:

    1. Hasan Sohail & Virpi Kollanus & Pekka Tiittanen & Alexandra Schneider & Timo Lanki, 2020. "Heat, Heatwaves and Cardiorespiratory Hospital Admissions in Helsinki, Finland," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(21), pages 1-11, October.
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    3. Shih-Chun Candice Lung & Jou-Chen Joy Yeh & Jing-Shiang Hwang, 2021. "Selecting Thresholds of Heat-Warning Systems with Substantial Enhancement of Essential Population Health Outcomes for Facilitating Implementation," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(18), pages 1-21, September.
    4. Nicholas Brink & Kehkashan Mansoor & Joost Swiers & Darshnika P. Lakhoo & Craig Parker & Britt Nakstad & Shobna Sawry & Kristin Aunan & Ilona M. Otto & Matthew F. Chersich, 2024. "Scoping Review of Climate Change Adaptation Interventions for Health: Implications for Policy and Practice," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 21(12), pages 1-13, November.
    5. Jakob Petersson & Kalev Kuklane & Chuansi Gao, 2019. "Is There a Need to Integrate Human Thermal Models with Weather Forecasts to Predict Thermal Stress?," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(22), pages 1-18, November.
    6. B. R. M. Kingma & H. Steenhoff & J. Toftum & H. A. M. Daanen & M. A. Folkerts & N. Gerrett & C. Gao & K. Kuklane & J. Petersson & A. Halder & M. Zuurbier & S. W. Garland & L. Nybo, 2021. "ClimApp—Integrating Personal Factors with Weather Forecasts for Individualised Warning and Guidance on Thermal Stress," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(21), pages 1-26, October.
    7. Marco Morabito & Alessandro Messeri & Pascal Noti & Ana Casanueva & Alfonso Crisci & Sven Kotlarski & Simone Orlandini & Cornelia Schwierz & Christoph Spirig & Boris R.M. Kingma & Andreas D. Flouris &, 2019. "An Occupational Heat–Health Warning System for Europe: The HEAT-SHIELD Platform," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(16), pages 1-21, August.
    8. Tjaša Pogačar & Zala Žnidaršič & Lučka Kajfež Bogataj & Zalika Črepinšek, 2020. "Steps Towards Comprehensive Heat Communication in the Frame of a Heat Health Warning System in Slovenia," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(16), pages 1-16, August.
    9. Hans-Guido Mücke & Jutta Maria Litvinovitch, 2020. "Heat Extremes, Public Health Impacts, and Adaptation Policy in Germany," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(21), pages 1-14, October.
    10. Toshiki Kamiya & Ryo Onishi & Sachiko Kodera & Akimasa Hirata, 2019. "Estimation of Time-Course Core Temperature and Water Loss in Realistic Adult and Child Models with Urban Micrometeorology Prediction," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(24), pages 1-15, December.
    11. Pablo De Gea Grela & Diego Sánchez-González & Lorena Patricia Gallardo Peralta, 2024. "Urban and Rural Environments and Their Implications for Older Adults’ Adaptation to Heat Waves: A Systematic Review," Land, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-29, August.
    12. Samuel Lüthi & Christopher Fairless & Erich M. Fischer & Noah Scovronick & Armstrong & Micheline De Sousa Zanotti Stagliorio Coelho & Yue Leon Guo & Yuming Guo & Yasushi Honda & Veronika Huber & Jan K, 2023. "Rapid increase in the risk of heat-related mortality," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-10, December.
    13. Zoé A Hamstead, 2024. "Thermal insecurity: Violence of heat and cold in the urban climate refuge," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 61(3), pages 531-548, February.
    14. Yeora Chae & Jongchul Park, 2021. "Analysis on Effectiveness of Impact Based Heatwave Warning Considering Severity and Likelihood of Health Impacts in Seoul, Korea," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(5), pages 1-13, March.
    15. Yonghong Li & Bo Sun & Changlin Yang & Xianghua Zhuang & Liancheng Huang & Qingqing Wang & Peng Bi & Yan Wang & Xiaoyuan Yao & Yibin Cheng, 2022. "Effectiveness Evaluation of a Primary School-Based Intervention against Heatwaves in China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(5), pages 1-13, February.
    16. Carlos Santos Silva & Diana Vieira Fernandes & Ricardo Gomes & Francisco Pires Costa & Ligia Pinto & Sabrina Scuri & Andre Brito & Baltazar Nunes & Susana Pereira Silva, 2024. "CLIMAEXTREMO: A New Risk Indicator for the Health Risk to Building Occupants during Extreme Weather Events in Portugal," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(12), pages 1-20, June.
    17. Nguyen Duc Kien & Nguyen H. D. My & Dang Thi Anh Thu & Ton That Canh Tri & Nghiem Hong Son & Thai Khanh Phong & Hoang Cong Tin & Nguyen Hoang Lan & Tran Binh Thang & Bui Dung The & Phung Tri Dung, 2023. "Valuation of a Heatwave Early Warning System for Mitigating Risks Associated with Heat-Related Illness in Central Vietnam," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(21), pages 1-21, October.

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