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Relationship between Individual Social Capital and Cognitive Function among Older Adults by Gender: A Cross-Sectional Study

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  • Tomoko Ito

    (Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Nutrition, The University Shimane, 151 Nishihayashigi-cho, Izumo, Shimane 693-8550, Japan
    Center for Community-Based Healthcare Research and Education (CoHRE), Organization for Research and Academic Information, Shimane University, 223-8 Enya-cho, Izumo-shi, Shimane 693-8501, Japan)

  • Kenta Okuyama

    (Center for Community-Based Healthcare Research and Education (CoHRE), Organization for Research and Academic Information, Shimane University, 223-8 Enya-cho, Izumo-shi, Shimane 693-8501, Japan)

  • Takafumi Abe

    (Center for Community-Based Healthcare Research and Education (CoHRE), Organization for Research and Academic Information, Shimane University, 223-8 Enya-cho, Izumo-shi, Shimane 693-8501, Japan)

  • Miwako Takeda

    (Center for Community-Based Healthcare Research and Education (CoHRE), Organization for Research and Academic Information, Shimane University, 223-8 Enya-cho, Izumo-shi, Shimane 693-8501, Japan)

  • Tsuyoshi Hamano

    (Department of Sports Sociology and Health Sciences, Faculty of Sociology, Kyoto Sangyo University, Motoyama, Kamigamo, Kita-ku, Kyoto 603-8555, Japan)

  • Kunihiko Nakano

    (Center for Community-Based Healthcare Research and Education (CoHRE), Organization for Research and Academic Information, Shimane University, 223-8 Enya-cho, Izumo-shi, Shimane 693-8501, Japan)

  • Toru Nabika

    (Center for Community-Based Healthcare Research and Education (CoHRE), Organization for Research and Academic Information, Shimane University, 223-8 Enya-cho, Izumo-shi, Shimane 693-8501, Japan
    Department of Functional Pathology, School of Medicine, Shimane University, 89-1 Enya-cho, Izumo, Shimane 693-8501, Japan)

Abstract

As it is not easy to modify lifestyle, it is important to examine the effect of social capital (SC), which does not require behavior modifications, on dementia prevention. This study aimed to clarify gender differences in the relationship between cognitive function and individual SC among people living in a rural area in Japan. We used the Shimane Center for Community-based Healthcare Research and Education (CoHRE) study data from 2011 to conduct a cross-sectional analysis. The analysis included 491 participants, aged 40 years or older, who had undergone medical examinations in two rural towns in Japan. Both cognitive SC and structural SC were measured. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to estimate the odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for cognitive function levels as binary outcomes. We found a significant association between cognitive function and individual cognitive SC in men (OR: 3.11, 95% CI: 1.43–6.78), and found that cognitive function was associated with structural SC in women (OR: 1.89, 95% CI: 1.08–3.31). This study showed that the relationship between cognitive function and individual SC differed by gender. These results suggest that it is important to approach dementia prevention differently in men and women.

Suggested Citation

  • Tomoko Ito & Kenta Okuyama & Takafumi Abe & Miwako Takeda & Tsuyoshi Hamano & Kunihiko Nakano & Toru Nabika, 2019. "Relationship between Individual Social Capital and Cognitive Function among Older Adults by Gender: A Cross-Sectional Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(12), pages 1-9, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:16:y:2019:i:12:p:2142-:d:240560
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Jingyue Zhang & Nan Lu & Wenxiu Wang, 2020. "Does Education Moderate the Relationship between Social Capital and Cognitive Function among Older Adults? Evidence from Suzhou City, China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(18), pages 1-11, September.
    2. Lisa Wahidatul Oktaviani & Hui-Chuan Hsu & Yi-Chun Chen, 2022. "Effects of Health-Related Behaviors and Changes on Successful Aging among Indonesian Older People," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(10), pages 1-17, May.
    3. Atsushi Motohiro & Takafumi Abe & Kenta Okuyama & Keiichi Onoda & Tomoko Ito & Minoru Isomura & Toru Nabika & Shunichi Kumakura, 2021. "Environmental Factors Affecting Cognitive Function among Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Longitudinal Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(16), pages 1-9, August.
    4. Zhongliang Bai & Zijing Wang & Tiantai Shao & Xia Qin & Zhi Hu, 2020. "Relationship between Individual Social Capital and Functional Ability among Older People in Anhui Province, China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(8), pages 1-13, April.

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