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Evaluating Family Planning Organizations Under China’s Two-Child Policy in Shandong Province

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  • Lizheng Xu

    (Center for Health Economics Experiment and Public Policy, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Key Laboratory of Health Economics and Policy Research, NHFPC (Shandong University), Jinan 250012, China
    School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuchang District, Wuhan 430071, China)

  • Fan Yang

    (Center for Health Economics Experiment and Public Policy, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Key Laboratory of Health Economics and Policy Research, NHFPC (Shandong University), Jinan 250012, China)

  • Jingjie Sun

    (Shandong Provincial Health and Family Planning Information Center, Jian 250014, China)

  • Stephen Nicholas

    (School of Management and School of Economics, Tianjin Normal University, West Bin Shui Avenue, Tianjin 300074, China
    Newcastle Business School, University of Newcastle, University Drive, Newcastle, NSW 2038, Australia
    Guangdong Research Institute for International Strategies, Guangdong University of Foreign Studies, Baiyun, Guangzhou 510420, Guangdong, China
    Top Education Institute, 1 Central Avenue, Australian Technology Park, Eveleigh, Sydney, NSW 2015, Australia)

  • Jian Wang

    (Dong Fureng Institute of Economic and Social Development, Wuhan University, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100010, China
    Center for Health Economics and Management at School of Economics and Management, Wuhan University, Wuchang District, Wuhan 430072, China)

Abstract

Background: The 2015 two-child policy was the most important institutional change in China’s family planning since the 1978 one-child policy. To implement the two-child policy, China merged the former health departments and family planning departments into the new Health and Family Planning Commission organization. We collected and analyzed funding and expenditure data, providing a novel approach to assessing the family planning outcomes under China’s two-child policy. The paper shows how the management structure and funding levels and streams shifted with the new two-child policy and assesses the new management structure in terms of the ability to carry out tasks under the new family planning policy. Methods: We collected data on the funding, structure of expenditure and social compensation fee in Shandong province from 2011 to 2016, to evaluate how resources were allocated to family planning before and after the organizational change. We also collected interview data from family planning administrators. Results: While total family planning government financing was reduced after the organizational change, expenditures were shifted away from management to family planning work. Funding (80%) was allocated to the grass-root county and township levels, where family planning services were provided. The overlapping work practices, bureaucracy, and inefficiencies were curbed and information flows were improved. Conclusions: The new Health and Family Planning Commissions shifted resources to carry out the new family planning policy. The aims of the two-child policy to reduce inefficiencies, overlapping authorities and excessive management were achieved and expenditures on family planning work was enhanced and made more efficient.

Suggested Citation

  • Lizheng Xu & Fan Yang & Jingjie Sun & Stephen Nicholas & Jian Wang, 2019. "Evaluating Family Planning Organizations Under China’s Two-Child Policy in Shandong Province," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(12), pages 1-9, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:16:y:2019:i:12:p:2121-:d:240052
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Ming-Hsuan Lee, 2012. "The One-Child Policy and Gender Equality in Education in China: Evidence from Household Data," Journal of Family and Economic Issues, Springer, vol. 33(1), pages 41-52, March.
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