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Premature Adult Death and Equity Impact of a Reduction of NO 2 , PM 10 , and PM 2.5 Levels in Paris—A Health Impact Assessment Study Conducted at the Census Block Level

Author

Listed:
  • Wahida Kihal-Talantikite

    (LIVE UMR 7362 CNRS (Laboratoire Image Ville Environnement), University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France)

  • Pierre Legendre

    (School of Public Health (EHESP), 35043 Rennes CEDEX, France
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Pauline Le Nouveau

    (School of Public Health (EHESP), 35043 Rennes CEDEX, France)

  • Séverine Deguen

    (School of Public Health (EHESP), 35043 Rennes CEDEX, France
    Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d’Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique (IPLESP UMRS 1136), 75646 Paris, France
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

Abstract

Background : To support environmental policies aiming to tackle air pollution, quantitative health impact assessments (HIAs) stand out as one of the best decision-making tools. However, no risk assessment studies have quantified or mapped the health and equity impact of air pollution reduction at a small spatial scale. Objectives : We developed a small-area analysis of the impact of air pollution on “premature” death among an adult population over 30 years of age to quantify and map the health and equity impact related to a reduction of air pollution. Methods : All-cause mortality data of an adult population (>30 years) from January 2004 to December 2009 were geocoded at the residential census block level in Paris. Each census block was assigned socioeconomic deprivation levels and annual average ambient concentrations of NO 2 , PM 10 , and PM 2.5 . HIAs were used to estimate, at a small-area level, the number of “premature” deaths associated with a hypothetical reduction of NO 2 , PM 10 , and PM 2.5 exposure. In total, considering global dose response function for the three pollutants and socioeconomic deprivation specific dose response function, nine HIAs were performed for NO 2 and six and four HIAs for PM10 and PM2.5, respectively. Finally, a clustering approach was used to quantify how the number of “premature” deaths could vary according to deprivation level. Results : The number of deaths attributable to NO 2 , PM 10 , and PM 2.5 exposure were equal to 4301, 3209, and 2662 deaths, respectively. The most deprived census blocks always appeared as one of the groups most impacted by air pollution. Our findings showed that “premature” deaths attributable to NO 2 were not randomly distributed over the study area, with a cluster of excess “premature” deaths located in the northeastern area of Paris. Discussion : This study showed the importance of stratifying an environmental burden of disease study on the socioeconomic level, in order to take into consideration the modifier effect of socioeconomic status on the air pollution-mortality relationship. In addition, we demonstrated the value of spatial analysis to guide decision-making. This shows the need for tools to support priority-setting and to guide policymakers in their choice of environmental initiatives that would maximize health gains and reduce social inequalities in health.

Suggested Citation

  • Wahida Kihal-Talantikite & Pierre Legendre & Pauline Le Nouveau & Séverine Deguen, 2018. "Premature Adult Death and Equity Impact of a Reduction of NO 2 , PM 10 , and PM 2.5 Levels in Paris—A Health Impact Assessment Study Conducted at the Census Block Level," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(1), pages 1-19, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:16:y:2018:i:1:p:38-:d:192946
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Peter James & Kate Ito & Jonathan J. Buonocore & Jonathan I. Levy & Mariana C. Arcaya, 2014. "A Health Impact Assessment of Proposed Public Transportation Service Cuts and Fare Increases in Boston, Massachusetts (U.S.A.)," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 11(8), pages 1-15, August.
    2. Kihal-Talantikite Wahida & Cindy M. Padilla & Zmirou-Navier Denis & Blanchard Olivier & Le Nir Géraldine & Quenel Philippe & Deguen Séverine, 2016. "A Conceptual Framework for the Assessment of Cumulative Exposure to Air Pollution at a Fine Spatial Scale," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 13(3), pages 1-21, March.
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    Cited by:

    1. Valentin Simoncic & Christophe Enaux & Séverine Deguen & Wahida Kihal-Talantikite, 2020. "Adverse Birth Outcomes Related to NO 2 and PM Exposure: European Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(21), pages 1-70, November.
    2. Nilakshi T. Waidyatillake & Patricia T. Campbell & Don Vicendese & Shyamali C. Dharmage & Ariadna Curto & Mark Stevenson, 2021. "Particulate Matter and Premature Mortality: A Bayesian Meta-Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(14), pages 1-21, July.
    3. Séverine Deguen & Guadalupe Perez Marchetta & Wahida Kihal-Talantikite, 2020. "Measuring Burden of Disease Attributable to Air Pollution Due to Preterm Birth Complications and Infant Death in Paris Using Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs)," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(21), pages 1-15, October.

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