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Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome and Its Associated Factors among Vegetarians in Malaysia

Author

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  • Yuan Kei Ching

    (Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Seri Kembangan, Selangor, Malaysia)

  • Yit Siew Chin

    (Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Seri Kembangan, Selangor, Malaysia
    Research Centre of Excellence, Nutrition and Non-Communicable Diseases, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Seri Kembangan, Selangor, Malaysia)

  • Mahenderan Appukutty

    (Programme of Sports Science, Faculty of Sports Science and Recreation, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia)

  • Wan Ying Gan

    (Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Seri Kembangan, Selangor, Malaysia)

  • Vasudevan Ramanchadran

    (Malaysia Research Institute on Ageing (MyAgeing), Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Seri Kembangan, Selangor, Malaysia)

  • Yoke Mun Chan

    (Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Seri Kembangan, Selangor, Malaysia
    Research Centre of Excellence, Nutrition and Non-Communicable Diseases, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Seri Kembangan, Selangor, Malaysia)

Abstract

The prevalence and factors associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS) remain unknown in Malaysian vegetarians. This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the prevalence of MetS among vegetarians in Kuala Lumpur and Selangor and its associated factors. The data on socio-demographic characteristics, vegetarianism practises, lifestyle behaviours, body weight, height, waist circumference (WC), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), fasting blood glucose (FBG), and blood lipid profiles were collected from 273 vegetarians. A majority of the respondents were lacto-ovo vegetarians (44.0%), females (64.8%) and Chinese (54.9%). The prevalence of MetS was 24.2%. High BP (48.7%) and high WC (43.6%) were the most common MetS components. Females had lower WC, SBP, DBP, FBG, TG and higher HDL-c ( p < 0.05) as compared to males. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that being overweight and obese (Odds Ratio (OR) = 7.74, 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 4.04–14.82) was the main risk factor of MetS after being adjusted for sex and age. This study found that one in four vegetarians had MetS. An intervention programme should be developed to reduce Body Mass Index (BMI) among vegetarians, especially among those who are found to be overweight and obese.

Suggested Citation

  • Yuan Kei Ching & Yit Siew Chin & Mahenderan Appukutty & Wan Ying Gan & Vasudevan Ramanchadran & Yoke Mun Chan, 2018. "Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome and Its Associated Factors among Vegetarians in Malaysia," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-15, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:15:y:2018:i:9:p:2031-:d:170399
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    Cited by:

    1. Ming-Shu Chen & Shih-Hsin Chen, 2018. "A Data-Driven Assessment of the Metabolic Syndrome Criteria for Adult Health Management in Taiwan," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(1), pages 1-11, December.
    2. Mbah Ntepe Leonel Javeres & Rabia Habib & Ngondi Judith Laure & Syed Tahir Abbas Shah & Martin Valis & Kamil Kuca & Syed Muhammad Nurulain, 2021. "Chronic Exposure to Organophosphates Pesticides and Risk of Metabolic Disorder in Cohort from Pakistan and Cameroon," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(5), pages 1-13, February.

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