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Pap Testing in a High-Income Country with Suboptimal Compliance Levels: A Survey on Acceptance Factors among Sicilian Women

Author

Listed:
  • Vincenzo Restivo

    (Department of Science for Health Promotion and Mother-Child Care “G. D’Alessandro”, University of Palermo, Via del Vespro 133, 90127 Palermo, Italy)

  • Claudio Costantino

    (Department of Science for Health Promotion and Mother-Child Care “G. D’Alessandro”, University of Palermo, Via del Vespro 133, 90127 Palermo, Italy)

  • Antonello Marras

    (Department of Health Services and Epidemiological Observatory, Regional Health Authority, Sicilian Region, Via Mario Vaccaro 5, 90145 Palermo, Italy)

  • Giuseppe Napoli

    (Department of Science for Health Promotion and Mother-Child Care “G. D’Alessandro”, University of Palermo, Via del Vespro 133, 90127 Palermo, Italy)

  • Sabrina Scelfo

    (Regional Center for Paediatric Diabetes and Obesity, Azienda Sanitaria Provinciale Caltanissetta, Via Malta 71, 93100 Caltanissetta, Italy)

  • Tiziana Scuderi

    (Preventive Health Department, Cancer Registry, ASP Trapani, Via Ammiraglio Staiti 95, 91100 Trapani, Italy)

  • Alessandra Casuccio

    (Department of Science for Health Promotion and Mother-Child Care “G. D’Alessandro”, University of Palermo, Via del Vespro 133, 90127 Palermo, Italy)

  • Achille Cernigliaro

    (Department of Health Services and Epidemiological Observatory, Regional Health Authority, Sicilian Region, Via Mario Vaccaro 5, 90145 Palermo, Italy)

  • Angela Giusti

    (National Centre for Epidemiology, Surveillance and Health Promotion, National Institute of Health, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy)

  • Stefania Spila Alegiani

    (National Centre for Epidemiology, Surveillance and Health Promotion, National Institute of Health, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy)

Abstract

Cervical cancer screening is uncommon, especially in low-income countries and among lower socioeconomic status people in high-income countries. The aims of this study were to examine the adherence of Sicilian women to Pap testing and to identify the determinants of this in a population with a secondary prevention attitude lower than high-income countries and the national average. A cross-sectional study called “Save Eva in Sicily” was conducted among all women aged 25–64 years, with a sample drawn by the list of general practitioners (GPs), using a proportional sampling scheme, stratified by age and resident population. The study outcome was performing a Pap test within the past three years. The association between the outcome and Pap test determinants was analyzed through a multivariable logistic regression. Among the 365 interviewed women, 66% ( n = 243) had a Pap test during the last 3 years. On the other hand, 18% of the other women ( n = 66) had performed at least one Pap test previously and 16% ( n = 56) had never had a Pap test. In a multivariable model, GPs’ advice (adjusted OR 2.55; 95% CI 1.57–4.14) and perceived susceptibility (adjusted OR 3.24; 95% CI 1.92–5.48) increased the likelihood of the execution of a Pap test. The “Save Eva in Sicily” study identified GP advice and perceived cancer severity as the main correlates of Pap testing among Sicilian women, producing evidence regarding how policy makers can increase compliance. Interventions to increase Pap test adhesion should focus on stimulating GPs to identify patients who regularly do not undergo it and to recommend testing on a regular basis to their patients.

Suggested Citation

  • Vincenzo Restivo & Claudio Costantino & Antonello Marras & Giuseppe Napoli & Sabrina Scelfo & Tiziana Scuderi & Alessandra Casuccio & Achille Cernigliaro & Angela Giusti & Stefania Spila Alegiani, 2018. "Pap Testing in a High-Income Country with Suboptimal Compliance Levels: A Survey on Acceptance Factors among Sicilian Women," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-10, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:15:y:2018:i:9:p:1804-:d:165064
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Janerich, D.T. & Hadjimichael, O. & Schwartz, P.E. & Lowell, D.M. & Meigs, J.W. & Merino, M.J. & Flannery, J.T. & Polednak, A.P., 1995. "The screening histories of women with invasive cervical cancer, Connecticut," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 85(6), pages 791-794+761.
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    Cited by:

    1. Chia-Hao Liu & Yu-Chieh Lee & Jeff Chien-Fu Lin & I-San Chan & Na-Rong Lee & Wen-Hsun Chang & Wei-Min Liu & Peng-Hui Wang, 2019. "Radical Hysterectomy After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Locally Bulky-Size Cervical Cancer: A Retrospective Comparative Analysis between the Robotic and Abdominal Approaches," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(20), pages 1-19, October.
    2. Claudio Costantino & Alessandra Casuccio & Vincenzo Restivo, 2020. "Potential Risks and Factors of Women’s Health Promotion," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(24), pages 1-7, December.
    3. Xingyuan Wang & Yun Liu & Hongchen Liu, 2020. "Examining Users’ Adoption of Precision Medicine: The Moderating Role of Medical Technical Knowledge," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(3), pages 1-16, February.
    4. Achille Cernigliaro & Sara Palmeri & Alessandra Casuccio & Salvatore Scondotto & Vincenzo Restivo & In Primis Working Group, 2019. "Association of the Individual and Context Inequalities on the Breastfeeding: A Study from the Sicily Region," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(19), pages 1-11, September.
    5. Giuseppa Minutolo & Palmira Immordino & Alessia Dolce & Mario Valenza & Emanuele Amodio & Walter Mazzucco & Alessandra Casuccio & Vincenzo Restivo, 2022. "Could a Behavioral Model Explain Adherence to Second-Level Colonoscopy for Colon Cancer Screening? Results of a Cross-Sectional Study of the Palermo Province Population," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(5), pages 1-12, February.

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