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Health Risk Behavior Patterns in a National Adult Population Survey

Author

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  • Ulrich John

    (Partner Site Greifswald, German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Institute of Social Medicine and Prevention, University of Medicine Greifswald, Walther-Rathenau-Str. 48, D-17475 Greifswald, Germany)

  • Monika Hanke

    (Institute of Social Medicine and Prevention, University of Medicine Greifswald, Walther-Rathenau-Str. 48, D-17475 Greifswald, Germany)

  • Jennis Freyer-Adam

    (Partner Site Greifswald, German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Institute for Medical Psychology, University of Medicine Greifswald, Walther-Rathenau-Str. 48, D-17475 Greifswald, Germany)

Abstract

Background : The aim of this paper is to analyze the co-occurrence of health risk behaviors (HRBs), namely, tobacco smoking, alcohol risk drinking, overeating, and physical inactivity, as well as their 16 combinations (patterns), which are stratified by age and gender. Methods : The data of 19,294 study participants, from a telephone survey among the adult general population of Germany that was conducted in 2012, were analyzed. Results : In adults, two or more of the four HBRs were found among 51.5% of females and 61.9% of males. The single most prevalent HRB pattern among all of the female (20.7, 19.6–21.8%) and male participants (18.2, 17.1–19.3%) was being overweight combined with a lack of physical activity, and its prevalence increased by 4% with each year of life. A multinomial regression analysis revealed that education was inversely associated with 11 of the 15 HRB patterns. The risk of having four, compared to zero, HRBs was 3.3 (2.5–4.4) for males relative to females. Conclusion : Similar to the findings from other western countries, the majority of the participants in this adult national sample from Germany had two or more HRBs. The most common of all possible HRB patterns was overweight and inactivity. The data confirm inverse relations between education and most HRB patterns.

Suggested Citation

  • Ulrich John & Monika Hanke & Jennis Freyer-Adam, 2018. "Health Risk Behavior Patterns in a National Adult Population Survey," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(5), pages 1-12, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:15:y:2018:i:5:p:873-:d:143602
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Ford, E.S. & Zhao, G. & Tsai, J. & Li, C., 2011. "Low-Risk lifestyle behaviors and all-cause mortality: Findings from the national health and nutrition examination survey III mortality study," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 101(10), pages 1922-1929.
    2. J. Scott Long & Jeremy Freese, 2006. "Regression Models for Categorical Dependent Variables using Stata, 2nd Edition," Stata Press books, StataCorp LP, edition 2, number long2, March.
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    1. Filipa Krolo & Sophie Baumann & Anika Tiede & Gallus Bischof & Kristian Krause & Christian Meyer & Ulrich John & Beate Gaertner & Jennis Freyer-Adam, 2022. "The Role of Tobacco Smoking in the Efficacy of Brief Alcohol Intervention: Results from a Randomized Controlled Trial," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(10), pages 1-12, May.

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