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Shared Sanitation Management and the Role of Social Capital: Findings from an Urban Sanitation Intervention in Maputo, Mozambique

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  • Tess Shiras

    (Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA)

  • Oliver Cumming

    (Department of Disease Control, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London WC1E 7HT, UK)

  • Joe Brown

    (School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA)

  • Becelar Muneme

    (WeConsult, R. Fernando Ganhão, Maputo 1103, Mozambique)

  • Rassul Nala

    (Instituto Nacional de Saúde, Av. Eduardo Mondlane 1008, Maputo 1101, Mozambique)

  • Robert Dreibelbis

    (Department of Disease Control, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London WC1E 7HT, UK)

Abstract

Shared sanitation—sanitation facilities shared by multiple households—is increasingly common in rapidly growing urban areas in low-income countries. However, shared sanitation facilities are often poorly maintained, dissuading regular use and potentially increasing disease risk. In a series of focus group discussions and in-depth interviews, we explored the determinants of shared sanitation management within the context of a larger-scale health impact evaluation of an improved, shared sanitation facility in Maputo, Mozambique. We identified a range of formal management practices users developed to maintain shared sanitation facilities, and found that management strategies were associated with perceived latrine quality. However—even within an intervention context—many users reported that there was no formal system for management of sanitation facilities at the compound level. Social capital played a critical role in the success of both formal and informal management strategies, and low social capital was associated with collective action failure. Shared sanitation facilities should consider ways to support social capital within target communities and identify simple, replicable behavior change models that are not dependent on complex social processes.

Suggested Citation

  • Tess Shiras & Oliver Cumming & Joe Brown & Becelar Muneme & Rassul Nala & Robert Dreibelbis, 2018. "Shared Sanitation Management and the Role of Social Capital: Findings from an Urban Sanitation Intervention in Maputo, Mozambique," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-13, October.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:15:y:2018:i:10:p:2222-:d:174834
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Lucci, Paula & Bhatkal, Tanvi & Khan, Amina, 2018. "Are we underestimating urban poverty?," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 103(C), pages 297-310.
    2. McGranahan, Gordon, 2015. "Realizing the Right to Sanitation in Deprived Urban Communities: Meeting the Challenges of Collective Action, Coproduction, Affordability, and Housing Tenure," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 68(C), pages 242-253.
    3. Tumwebaze, Innocent K. & Mosler, Hans-Joachim, 2015. "Effectiveness of group discussions and commitment in improving cleaning behaviour of shared sanitation users in Kampala, Uganda slums," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 147(C), pages 72-79.
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    Cited by:

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    2. Anoop Jain & Lia C.H. Fernald & Kirk R. Smith & S.V. Subramanian, 2019. "Sanitation in Rural India: Exploring the Associations between Dwelling Space and Household Latrine Ownership," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(5), pages 1-14, February.

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