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Towards More Nuanced Classification of NGOs and Their Services to Improve Integrated Planning across Disaster Phases

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  • Vivian L. Towe

    (RAND Corporation, 1200 S. Hayes Street, Arlington, VA 22202, USA)

  • Joie D. Acosta

    (RAND Corporation, 1200 S. Hayes Street, Arlington, VA 22202, USA)

  • Anita Chandra

    (RAND Corporation, 1200 S. Hayes Street, Arlington, VA 22202, USA)

Abstract

Nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) are being integrated into U.S. strategies to expand the services that are available during health security threats like disasters. Identifying better ways to classify NGOs and their services could optimize disaster planning. We surveyed NGOs about the types of services they provided during different disaster phases. Survey responses were used to categorize NGO services as core —critical to fulfilling their organizational mission—or adaptive —services implemented during a disaster based on community need. We also classified NGOs as being core or adaptive types of organizations by calculating the percentage of each NGO’s services classified as core. Service types classified as core were mainly social services, while adaptive service types were those typically relied upon during disasters (e.g., warehousing, food services, etc.). In total, 120 NGOs were classified as core organizations, meaning they mainly provided the same services across disaster phases, while 100 NGOs were adaptive organizations, meaning their services changed. Adaptive NGOs were eight times more likely to report routinely participating in disaster planning as compared to core NGOs. One reason for this association may be that adaptive NGOs are more aware of the changing needs in their communities across disaster phases because of their involvement in disaster planning.

Suggested Citation

  • Vivian L. Towe & Joie D. Acosta & Anita Chandra, 2017. "Towards More Nuanced Classification of NGOs and Their Services to Improve Integrated Planning across Disaster Phases," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(11), pages 1-10, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:14:y:2017:i:11:p:1423-:d:119730
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Vakil, Anna C., 1997. "Confronting the classification problem: Toward a taxonomy of NGOs," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 25(12), pages 2057-2070, December.
    2. Yi Lixin & Ge Lingling & Zhao Dong & Zhou Junxue & Gao Zhanwu, 2012. "An analysis on disasters management system in China," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 60(2), pages 295-309, January.
    3. Eric Werker & Faisal Z. Ahmed, 2008. "What Do Nongovernmental Organizations Do?," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 22(2), pages 73-92, Spring.
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    Cited by:

    1. Ning Zhang & Zaiwu Gong & Kedong Yin & Yuhong Wang, 2018. "Special Issue “Decision Models in Green Growth and Sustainable Development”," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(6), pages 1-8, May.

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