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Blood Pressure Control in Smokers with Arterial Hypertension Who Switched to Electronic Cigarettes

Author

Listed:
  • Riccardo Polosa

    (UOC di Medicina Interna e d’Urgenza Edificio 4, Piano 3, AOU “Policlinico-V. Emanuele”, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 78, 95123 Catania, Italy
    Centro per la Prevenzione e Cura del Tabagismo (CPCT), “Policlinico-V. Emanuele”, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
    Internal and Emergency Medicine, “Policlinico-V. Emanuele”, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Jaymin B. Morjaria

    (Department of Respiratory Medicine, Royal Brompton & Harefield Hospital NHS Trust, Harefield Hospital, Hill End Road, Harefield UB9 6JH, UK
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Pasquale Caponnetto

    (UOC di Medicina Interna e d’Urgenza Edificio 4, Piano 3, AOU “Policlinico-V. Emanuele”, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 78, 95123 Catania, Italy
    Centro per la Prevenzione e Cura del Tabagismo (CPCT), “Policlinico-V. Emanuele”, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy)

  • Eliana Battaglia

    (UOC di Medicina Interna e d’Urgenza Edificio 4, Piano 3, AOU “Policlinico-V. Emanuele”, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 78, 95123 Catania, Italy
    Internal and Emergency Medicine, “Policlinico-V. Emanuele”, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy)

  • Cristina Russo

    (MCAU ARNAS Garibaldi, 95100 Catania, Italy)

  • Claudio Ciampi

    (MCAU ARNAS Garibaldi, 95100 Catania, Italy)

  • George Adams

    (Rex Hospital, UNC Health System, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA)

  • Cosimo M. Bruno

    (UOC di Medicina Interna e d’Urgenza Edificio 4, Piano 3, AOU “Policlinico-V. Emanuele”, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 78, 95123 Catania, Italy
    Internal and Emergency Medicine, “Policlinico-V. Emanuele”, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy)

Abstract

Electronic cigarettes (ECs) are battery-operated devices designed to vaporise nicotine, which may help smokers with quitting or reducing their tobacco consumption. No data is available regarding the health effects of ECs use among smokers with arterial hypertension and whether regular use results in blood pressure (BP) changes. We investigated long-term changes in resting BP and level of BP control in hypertensive smokers who quit or reduced substantially their tobacco consumption by switching to ECs. A medical records review of patients with hypertension was conducted to identify patients reporting regular daily use of ECs on at least two consecutive follow-up visits. Regularly smoking hypertensive patients were included as a reference group. A marked reduction in cigarette consumption was observed in ECs users ( n = 43) though consumption remained unchanged in the control group ( n = 46). Compared to baseline, at 12 months (follow-up visit 2) decline in cigarette consumption was associated with significant reductions in median (25th-, 75th-centile) systolic BP (140 (134.5, 144) to 130 (123.5, 138.5) mmHg; p < 0.001) and diastolic BP (86 (78, 90) to 80 (74.5, 90) mmHg; p = 0.006). No significant changes were observed in the control group. As expected, decline in cigarette consumption in the ECs users was also associated with improved BP control. The study concludes that regular ECs use may aid smokers with arterial hypertension reduce or abstain from cigarette smoking, with only trivial post-cessation weight gain. This resulted in improvements in systolic and diastolic BP as well as better BP control.

Suggested Citation

  • Riccardo Polosa & Jaymin B. Morjaria & Pasquale Caponnetto & Eliana Battaglia & Cristina Russo & Claudio Ciampi & George Adams & Cosimo M. Bruno, 2016. "Blood Pressure Control in Smokers with Arterial Hypertension Who Switched to Electronic Cigarettes," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-14, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:13:y:2016:i:11:p:1123-:d:82704
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Pasquale Caponnetto & Roberta Auditore & Cristina Russo & Giorgio Carlo Cappello & Riccardo Polosa, 2013. "Impact of an Electronic Cigarette on Smoking Reduction and Cessation in Schizophrenic Smokers: A Prospective 12-Month Pilot Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 10(2), pages 1-16, January.
    2. Riccardo Polosa & Jaymin Morjaria & Pasquale Caponnetto & Massimo Caruso & Simona Strano & Eliana Battaglia & Cristina Russo, 2014. "Effect of Smoking Abstinence and Reduction in Asthmatic Smokers Switching to Electronic Cigarettes: Evidence for Harm Reversal," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 11(5), pages 1-13, May.
    3. Konstantinos E. Farsalinos & Giorgio Romagna & Dimitris Tsiapras & Stamatis Kyrzopoulos & Vassilis Voudris, 2014. "Characteristics, Perceived Side Effects and Benefits of Electronic Cigarette Use: A Worldwide Survey of More than 19,000 Consumers," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 11(4), pages 1-18, April.
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