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Effects of Short-Term Exposure to Particulate Air Pollutants on the Inflammatory Response and Respiratory Symptoms: A Panel Study in Schoolchildren from Rural Areas of Japan

Author

Listed:
  • Masanari Watanabe

    (Department of Respiratory Medicine and Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 36-1 Nishi-cho, Yonago 683-8504, Japan)

  • Hisashi Noma

    (Department of Data Science, Institute of Statistical Mathematics, 10-3 Midori-cho, Tachikawa, Tokyo 190-8562, Japan)

  • Jun Kurai

    (Department of Respiratory Medicine and Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 36-1 Nishi-cho, Yonago 683-8504, Japan)

  • Hiroyuki Sano

    (Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Faculty of Medicine, Kinki University, Ohnohigashi 377-2, Osakasayama 589-0014, Japan)

  • Degejirihu Hantan

    (Department of Respiratory Medicine and Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 36-1 Nishi-cho, Yonago 683-8504, Japan)

  • Masaru Ueki

    (Center for Promoting Next-Generation Highly Advanced Medicine, Tottori University Hospital, 36-1 Nishi-cho, Yonago 683-8504, Japan)

  • Hiroya Kitano

    (The Board of Directors, Tottori University, 36-1 Nishi-cho, Yonago 683-8504, Japan)

  • Eiji Shimizu

    (Department of Respiratory Medicine and Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 36-1 Nishi-cho, Yonago 683-8504, Japan)

Abstract

The relationship between particulate air pollutants and respiratory symptoms in children has not been consistent among studies, potentially owing to differences in the inflammatory response to different particulate air pollutants. This study aimed to investigate the effect of particulate air pollutants on respiratory symptoms and the inflammatory response in schoolchildren. Three hundred-and-sixty children were included in the study. The children recorded daily respiratory symptom scores for October 2015. In addition, the daily amount of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α production was assessed in THP1 cells stimulated with suspended particulate matter (SPM), which was collected every day during the study period. Generalized estimating equation logistic regression analyses were used to estimate the associations among respiratory symptoms and the daily levels of SPM, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α. Daily SPM levels were not associated with respiratory symptoms or the daily IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α levels. Conversely, there was a significant association between respiratory symptoms and the daily IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α levels. These results suggested that the effects of particulate air pollutants on respiratory symptoms in schoolchildren might depend more on the pro-inflammatory response to them than on their mass concentration.

Suggested Citation

  • Masanari Watanabe & Hisashi Noma & Jun Kurai & Hiroyuki Sano & Degejirihu Hantan & Masaru Ueki & Hiroya Kitano & Eiji Shimizu, 2016. "Effects of Short-Term Exposure to Particulate Air Pollutants on the Inflammatory Response and Respiratory Symptoms: A Panel Study in Schoolchildren from Rural Areas of Japan," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 13(10), pages 1-13, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:13:y:2016:i:10:p:983-:d:79713
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Masanari Watanabe & Hisashi Noma & Jun Kurai & Hiroyuki Sano & Hiroya Kitano & Rumiko Saito & Yutaka Kimura & Setsuya Aiba & Mitsuo Oshimura & Eiji Shimizu, 2015. "Variation in the Effect of Particulate Matter on Pulmonary Function in Schoolchildren in Western Japan and Its Relation with Interleukin-8," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 12(11), pages 1-15, November.
    2. Masanari Watanabe & Hisashi Noma & Jun Kurai & Atsushi Shimizu & Hiroyuki Sano & Kazuhiro Kato & Masaaki Mikami & Yasuto Ueda & Toshiyuki Tatsukawa & Hideki Ohga & Akira Yamasaki & Tadashi Igishi & Hi, 2015. "Association of Sand Dust Particles with Pulmonary Function and Respiratory Symptoms in Adult Patients with Asthma in Western Japan Using Light Detection and Ranging: A Panel Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 12(10), pages 1-15, October.
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    Cited by:

    1. Daniel Dunea & Stefania Iordache & Alin Pohoata, 2016. "Fine Particulate Matter in Urban Environments: A Trigger of Respiratory Symptoms in Sensitive Children," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 13(12), pages 1-18, December.

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