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Lead Isotope Characterization of Petroleum Fuels in Taipei, Taiwan

Author

Listed:
  • Pei-Hsuan Yao

    (Agro-environment Laboratory (AELab), Department of Bioenvironmental Systems Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei City 106, Taiwan)

  • Guey-Shin Shyu

    (Department of Travel and Ecotourism, Tungnan University, New Taipei City 222, Taiwan)

  • Ying-Fang Chang

    (Green Energy and Environment Research Laboratories, Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu County 310, Taiwan)

  • Yu-Chen Chou

    (High-Precision Mass Spectrometry and Environmental Change Laboratory (HISPEC), Department of Geosciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei City 106, Taiwan)

  • Chuan-Chou Shen

    (High-Precision Mass Spectrometry and Environmental Change Laboratory (HISPEC), Department of Geosciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei City 106, Taiwan)

  • Chi-Su Chou

    (Ecological Engineering Research Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei City 106, Taiwan)

  • Tsun-Kuo Chang

    (Agro-environment Laboratory (AELab), Department of Bioenvironmental Systems Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei City 106, Taiwan)

Abstract

Leaded gasoline in Taiwan was gradually phased out from 1983 to 2000. However, it is unclear whether unleaded gasoline still contributes to atmospheric lead (Pb) exposure in urban areas. In this study, Pb isotopic compositions of unleaded gasolines, with octane numbers of 92, 95, 98, and diesel from two local suppliers in Taipei were determined by multi-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry with a two-sigma uncertainty of ± 0.02 %. Lead isotopic ratios of vehicle exhaust ( 208 Pb/ 207 Pb: 2.427, 206 Pb/ 207 Pb: 1.148, as estimated from petroleum fuels) overlap with the reported aerosol data. This agreement indicates that local unleaded petroleum fuels, containing 10–45 ng·Pb·g −1 , are merely one contributor among various sources to urban aerosol Pb. Additionally, the distinction between the products of the two companies is statistically significant in their individual 208 Pb/ 206 Pb ratios ( p-value < 0.001, t test). Lead isotopic characterization appears to be applicable as a “fingerprinting” tool for tracing the sources of Pb pollution.

Suggested Citation

  • Pei-Hsuan Yao & Guey-Shin Shyu & Ying-Fang Chang & Yu-Chen Chou & Chuan-Chou Shen & Chi-Su Chou & Tsun-Kuo Chang, 2015. "Lead Isotope Characterization of Petroleum Fuels in Taipei, Taiwan," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 12(5), pages 1-15, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:12:y:2015:i:5:p:4602-4616:d:48747
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Joshua O. Olowoyo & Ntebo Lion & Tshoni Unathi & Oluwaseun M. Oladeji, 2022. "Concentrations of Pb and Other Associated Elements in Soil Dust 15 Years after the Introduction of Unleaded Fuel and the Human Health Implications in Pretoria, South Africa," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(16), pages 1-17, August.
    2. Howard W. Mielke, 2016. "Editorial: Lead Risk Assessment and Health Effects," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 13(6), pages 1-3, June.
    3. Xuemeng Sun & Xiaoping Li & Dongying Liu & Tao Yang & Yanan Zhao & Ting Wu & Yue Cai & Yuwei Ai & Xu Zhang & Jiwen Wang & Rui Yang & Hongtao Yu & Howard W. Mielke, 2018. "Use of a Survey to Assess the Environmental Exposure and Family Perception to Lead in Children (<6 Years) in Four Valley Cities, Northwestern China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-26, April.

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