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Water-Borne Diseases and Extreme Weather Events in Cambodia: Review of Impacts and Implications of Climate Change

Author

Listed:
  • Grace I. Davies

    (Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3800, Australia)

  • Lachlan McIver

    (National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Australian National University, Canberra, A.C.T. 2601, Australia)

  • Yoonhee Kim

    (Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan)

  • Masahiro Hashizume

    (Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan)

  • Steven Iddings

    (World Health Organization, Cambodia Country Office, Phnom Penh, Cambodia)

  • Vibol Chan

    (World Health Organization, Cambodia Country Office, Phnom Penh, Cambodia)

Abstract

Cambodia is prone to extreme weather events, especially floods, droughts and typhoons. Climate change is predicted to increase the frequency and intensity of such events. The Cambodian population is highly vulnerable to the impacts of these events due to poverty; malnutrition; agricultural dependence; settlements in flood-prone areas, and public health, governance and technological limitations. Yet little is known about the health impacts of extreme weather events in Cambodia. Given the extremely low adaptive capacity of the population, this is a crucial knowledge gap. A literature review of the health impacts of floods, droughts and typhoons in Cambodia was conducted, with regional and global information reviewed where Cambodia-specific literature was lacking. Water-borne diseases are of particular concern in Cambodia, in the face of extreme weather events and climate change, due to, inter alia, a high pre-existing burden of diseases such as diarrhoeal illness and a lack of improved sanitation infrastructure in rural areas. A time-series analysis under quasi-Poisson distribution was used to evaluate the association between floods and diarrhoeal disease incidence in Cambodian children between 2001 and 2012 in 16 Cambodian provinces. Floods were significantly associated with increased diarrhoeal disease in two provinces, while the analysis conducted suggested a possible protective effect from toilets and piped water. Addressing the specific, local pre-existing vulnerabilities is vital to promoting population health resilience and strengthening adaptive capacity to extreme weather events and climate change in Cambodia.

Suggested Citation

  • Grace I. Davies & Lachlan McIver & Yoonhee Kim & Masahiro Hashizume & Steven Iddings & Vibol Chan, 2014. "Water-Borne Diseases and Extreme Weather Events in Cambodia: Review of Impacts and Implications of Climate Change," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 12(1), pages 1-23, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:12:y:2014:i:1:p:191-213:d:43853
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Arief Anshory Yusuf & Herminia Francisco, 2009. "Climate Change Vulnerability Mapping for Southeast Asia," EEPSEA Special and Technical Paper tp200901s1, Economy and Environment Program for Southeast Asia (EEPSEA), revised Jan 2009.
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    1. Jesus Santos-Guzman & Francisco Gonzalez-Salazar & Gregorio Martínez-Ozuna & Victor Jimenez & Andrea Luviano & Daniel Palazuelos & Rubinia Iveth Fernandez-Flores & Mario Manzano-Camarillo & Esteban Pi, 2021. "Epidemiologic Impacts in Acute Infectious Disease Associated with Catastrophic Climate Events Related to Global Warming in the Northeast of Mexico," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(9), pages 1-13, April.
    2. Hsin-I Hsiao & Man-Ser Jan & Hui-Ju Chi, 2016. "Impacts of Climatic Variability on Vibrio parahaemolyticus Outbreaks in Taiwan," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 13(2), pages 1-15, February.
    3. Simin Mehdipour & Nouzar Nakhaee & Farzaneh Zolala & Maryam Okhovati & Afsar Foroud & Ali Akbar Haghdoost, 2022. "A systematized review exploring the map of publications on the health impacts of drought," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 113(1), pages 35-62, August.

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