IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jforec/v5y2023i1p14-284d1076904.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Performance Analysis of Statistical, Machine Learning and Deep Learning Models in Long-Term Forecasting of Solar Power Production

Author

Listed:
  • Ashish Sedai

    (National Wind Institute, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79415, USA)

  • Rabin Dhakal

    (Electric Power Research Institute, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA)

  • Shishir Gautam

    (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tribhuvan University, Dharan 56700, Nepal)

  • Anibesh Dhamala

    (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79401, USA)

  • Argenis Bilbao

    (National Wind Institute, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79415, USA)

  • Qin Wang

    (Electric Power Research Institute, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA)

  • Adam Wigington

    (Electric Power Research Institute, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA)

  • Suhas Pol

    (National Wind Institute, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79415, USA
    Renewable Energy Program, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79401, USA)

Abstract

The Machine Learning/Deep Learning (ML/DL) forecasting model has helped stakeholders overcome uncertainties associated with renewable energy resources and time planning for probable near-term power fluctuations. Nevertheless, the effectiveness of long-term forecasting of renewable energy resources using an existing ML/DL model is still debatable and needs additional research. Considering the constraints inherent in current empirical or physical-based forecasting models, the study utilizes ML/DL models to provide long-term predictions for solar power production. This study aims to examine the efficacy of several existing forecasting models. The study suggests approaches to enhance the accuracy of long-term forecasting of solar power generation for a case study power plant. It summarizes and compares the statistical model (ARIMA), ML model (SVR), DL models (LSTM, GRU, etc.), and ensemble models (RF, hybrid) with respect to long-term prediction. The performances of the univariate and multivariate models are summarized and compared based on their ability to accurately predict solar power generation for the next 1, 3, 5, and 15 days for a 100-kW solar power plant in Lubbock, TX, USA. Conclusions are drawn predicting the accuracy of various model changes with variation in the prediction time frame and input variables. In summary, the Random Forest model predicted long-term solar power generation with 50% better accuracy over the univariate statistical model and 10% better accuracy over multivariate ML/DL models.

Suggested Citation

  • Ashish Sedai & Rabin Dhakal & Shishir Gautam & Anibesh Dhamala & Argenis Bilbao & Qin Wang & Adam Wigington & Suhas Pol, 2023. "Performance Analysis of Statistical, Machine Learning and Deep Learning Models in Long-Term Forecasting of Solar Power Production," Forecasting, MDPI, vol. 5(1), pages 1-29, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jforec:v:5:y:2023:i:1:p:14-284:d:1076904
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2571-9394/5/1/14/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2571-9394/5/1/14/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Jihoon Moon & Yongsung Kim & Minjae Son & Eenjun Hwang, 2018. "Hybrid Short-Term Load Forecasting Scheme Using Random Forest and Multilayer Perceptron," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(12), pages 1-20, November.
    2. Fan, Junliang & Wu, Lifeng & Zhang, Fucang & Cai, Huanjie & Zeng, Wenzhi & Wang, Xiukang & Zou, Haiyang, 2019. "Empirical and machine learning models for predicting daily global solar radiation from sunshine duration: A review and case study in China," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 100(C), pages 186-212.
    3. Li, Pengtao & Zhou, Kaile & Lu, Xinhui & Yang, Shanlin, 2020. "A hybrid deep learning model for short-term PV power forecasting," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 259(C).
    4. Hyeong Kyu Choi, 2018. "Stock Price Correlation Coefficient Prediction with ARIMA-LSTM Hybrid Model," Papers 1808.01560, arXiv.org, revised Oct 2018.
    5. Gao, Mingming & Li, Jianjing & Hong, Feng & Long, Dongteng, 2019. "Day-ahead power forecasting in a large-scale photovoltaic plant based on weather classification using LSTM," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 187(C).
    6. Wang, Kejun & Qi, Xiaoxia & Liu, Hongda, 2019. "A comparison of day-ahead photovoltaic power forecasting models based on deep learning neural network," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 251(C), pages 1-1.
    7. Hyung Keun Ahn & Neungsoo Park, 2021. "Deep RNN-Based Photovoltaic Power Short-Term Forecast Using Power IoT Sensors," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(2), pages 1-17, January.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Shahad Mohammed Radhi & Sadeq D. Al-Majidi & Maysam F. Abbod & Hamed S. Al-Raweshidy, 2024. "Machine Learning Approaches for Short-Term Photovoltaic Power Forecasting," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(17), pages 1-23, August.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Wang, Xiaoyang & Sun, Yunlin & Luo, Duo & Peng, Jinqing, 2022. "Comparative study of machine learning approaches for predicting short-term photovoltaic power output based on weather type classification," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 240(C).
    2. Xu, Fang Yuan & Tang, Rui Xin & Xu, Si Bin & Fan, Yi Liang & Zhou, Ya & Zhang, Hao Tian, 2021. "Neural network-based photovoltaic generation capacity prediction system with benefit-oriented modification," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 223(C).
    3. Zhen, Hao & Niu, Dongxiao & Wang, Keke & Shi, Yucheng & Ji, Zhengsen & Xu, Xiaomin, 2021. "Photovoltaic power forecasting based on GA improved Bi-LSTM in microgrid without meteorological information," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 231(C).
    4. Qu, Jiaqi & Qian, Zheng & Pei, Yan, 2021. "Day-ahead hourly photovoltaic power forecasting using attention-based CNN-LSTM neural network embedded with multiple relevant and target variables prediction pattern," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 232(C).
    5. Fatma Yaprakdal & M. Berkay Yılmaz & Mustafa Baysal & Amjad Anvari-Moghaddam, 2020. "A Deep Neural Network-Assisted Approach to Enhance Short-Term Optimal Operational Scheduling of a Microgrid," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(4), pages 1-27, February.
    6. Wang, Jianzhou & Zhou, Yilin & Li, Zhiwu, 2022. "Hour-ahead photovoltaic generation forecasting method based on machine learning and multi objective optimization algorithm," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 312(C).
    7. Khan, Waqas & Walker, Shalika & Zeiler, Wim, 2022. "Improved solar photovoltaic energy generation forecast using deep learning-based ensemble stacking approach," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 240(C).
    8. Cai Tao & Junjie Lu & Jianxun Lang & Xiaosheng Peng & Kai Cheng & Shanxu Duan, 2021. "Short-Term Forecasting of Photovoltaic Power Generation Based on Feature Selection and Bias Compensation–LSTM Network," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(11), pages 1-16, May.
    9. Khan, Zulfiqar Ahmad & Khan, Shabbir Ahmad & Hussain, Tanveer & Baik, Sung Wook, 2024. "DSPM: Dual sequence prediction model for efficient energy management in micro-grid," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 356(C).
    10. Lu, Renzhi & Bai, Ruichang & Ding, Yuemin & Wei, Min & Jiang, Junhui & Sun, Mingyang & Xiao, Feng & Zhang, Hai-Tao, 2021. "A hybrid deep learning-based online energy management scheme for industrial microgrid," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 304(C).
    11. Anh Ngoc-Lan Huynh & Ravinesh C. Deo & Duc-Anh An-Vo & Mumtaz Ali & Nawin Raj & Shahab Abdulla, 2020. "Near Real-Time Global Solar Radiation Forecasting at Multiple Time-Step Horizons Using the Long Short-Term Memory Network," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(14), pages 1-30, July.
    12. Cheng, Lilin & Zang, Haixiang & Wei, Zhinong & Zhang, Fengchun & Sun, Guoqiang, 2022. "Evaluation of opaque deep-learning solar power forecast models towards power-grid applications," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 198(C), pages 960-972.
    13. Huang, Xiaoqiao & Li, Qiong & Tai, Yonghang & Chen, Zaiqing & Liu, Jun & Shi, Junsheng & Liu, Wuming, 2022. "Time series forecasting for hourly photovoltaic power using conditional generative adversarial network and Bi-LSTM," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 246(C).
    14. Medine Colak & Mehmet Yesilbudak & Ramazan Bayindir, 2020. "Daily Photovoltaic Power Prediction Enhanced by Hybrid GWO-MLP, ALO-MLP and WOA-MLP Models Using Meteorological Information," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-19, February.
    15. Korkmaz, Deniz, 2021. "SolarNet: A hybrid reliable model based on convolutional neural network and variational mode decomposition for hourly photovoltaic power forecasting," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 300(C).
    16. Wang, Min & Rao, Congjun & Xiao, Xinping & Hu, Zhuo & Goh, Mark, 2024. "Efficient shrinkage temporal convolutional network model for photovoltaic power prediction," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 297(C).
    17. Yuan An & Kaikai Dang & Xiaoyu Shi & Rong Jia & Kai Zhang & Qiang Huang, 2021. "A Probabilistic Ensemble Prediction Method for PV Power in the Nonstationary Period," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-18, February.
    18. Khan, Zulfiqar Ahmad & Hussain, Tanveer & Baik, Sung Wook, 2023. "Dual stream network with attention mechanism for photovoltaic power forecasting," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 338(C).
    19. Tserenpurev Chuluunsaikhan & Jeong-Hun Kim & Yoonsung Shin & Sanghyun Choi & Aziz Nasridinov, 2022. "Feasibility Study on the Influence of Data Partition Strategies on Ensemble Deep Learning: The Case of Forecasting Power Generation in South Korea," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(20), pages 1-20, October.
    20. Şahin, Utkucan & Ballı, Serkan & Chen, Yan, 2021. "Forecasting seasonal electricity generation in European countries under Covid-19-induced lockdown using fractional grey prediction models and machine learning methods," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 302(C).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jforec:v:5:y:2023:i:1:p:14-284:d:1076904. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.