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Analytical Modeling of Wind Farms: A New Approach for Power Prediction

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  • Amin Niayifar

    (Wind Engineering and Renewable Energy Laboratory (WIRE), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), EPFL-ENAC-IIE-WIRE, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
    Stream Biofilm and Ecosystem Research Laboratory (SBER), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), EPFL-ENAC-IIE-SBER, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland)

  • Fernando Porté-Agel

    (Wind Engineering and Renewable Energy Laboratory (WIRE), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), EPFL-ENAC-IIE-WIRE, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland)

Abstract

Wind farm power production is known to be strongly affected by turbine wake effects. The purpose of this study is to develop and test a new analytical model for the prediction of wind turbine wakes and the associated power losses in wind farms. The new model is an extension of the one recently proposed by Bastankhah and Porté-Agel for the wake of stand-alone wind turbines. It satisfies the conservation of mass and momentum and assumes a self-similar Gaussian shape of the velocity deficit. The local wake growth rate is estimated based on the local streamwise turbulence intensity. Superposition of velocity deficits is used to model the interaction of the multiple wakes. Furthermore, the power production from the wind turbines is calculated using the power curve. The performance of the new analytical wind farm model is validated against power measurements and large-eddy simulation (LES) data from the Horns Rev wind farm for a wide range of wind directions, corresponding to a variety of full-wake and partial-wake conditions. A reasonable agreement is found between the proposed analytical model, LES data, and power measurements. Compared with a commonly used wind farm wake model, the new model shows a significant improvement in the prediction of wind farm power.

Suggested Citation

  • Amin Niayifar & Fernando Porté-Agel, 2016. "Analytical Modeling of Wind Farms: A New Approach for Power Prediction," Energies, MDPI, vol. 9(9), pages 1-13, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:9:y:2016:i:9:p:741-:d:78225
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Wu, Yu-Ting & Porté-Agel, Fernando, 2015. "Modeling turbine wakes and power losses within a wind farm using LES: An application to the Horns Rev offshore wind farm," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 75(C), pages 945-955.
    2. Mahdi Abkar & Fernando Porté-Agel, 2013. "The Effect of Free-Atmosphere Stratification on Boundary-Layer Flow and Power Output from Very Large Wind Farms," Energies, MDPI, vol. 6(5), pages 1-24, April.
    3. Yu-Ting Wu & Fernando Porté-Agel, 2012. "Atmospheric Turbulence Effects on Wind-Turbine Wakes: An LES Study," Energies, MDPI, vol. 5(12), pages 1-23, December.
    4. Chowdhury, Souma & Zhang, Jie & Messac, Achille & Castillo, Luciano, 2013. "Optimizing the arrangement and the selection of turbines for wind farms subject to varying wind conditions," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 52(C), pages 273-282.
    5. González, Javier Serrano & Gonzalez Rodriguez, Angel G. & Mora, José Castro & Santos, Jesús Riquelme & Payan, Manuel Burgos, 2010. "Optimization of wind farm turbines layout using an evolutive algorithm," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 35(8), pages 1671-1681.
    6. Bastankhah, Majid & Porté-Agel, Fernando, 2014. "A new analytical model for wind-turbine wakes," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 70(C), pages 116-123.
    7. Fernando Porté-Agel & Yu-Ting Wu & Chang-Hung Chen, 2013. "A Numerical Study of the Effects of Wind Direction on Turbine Wakes and Power Losses in a Large Wind Farm," Energies, MDPI, vol. 6(10), pages 1-17, October.
    8. AfDB AfDB, . "Annual Report 2012," Annual Report, African Development Bank, number 461.
    9. Abkar, Mahdi & Porté-Agel, Fernando, 2014. "Mean and turbulent kinetic energy budgets inside and above very large wind farms under conventionally-neutral condition," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 70(C), pages 142-152.
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