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Damping Wind and Wave Loads on a Floating Wind Turbine

Author

Listed:
  • Søren Christiansen

    (Automation and Control, Department of Electronic Systems, Aalborg University, Fredrik Bajers vej 7C, Aalborg Øst 9220, Denmark)

  • Thomas Bak

    (Automation and Control, Department of Electronic Systems, Aalborg University, Fredrik Bajers vej 7C, Aalborg Øst 9220, Denmark)

  • Torben Knudsen

    (Automation and Control, Department of Electronic Systems, Aalborg University, Fredrik Bajers vej 7C, Aalborg Øst 9220, Denmark)

Abstract

Offshore wind energy capitalizes on the higher and less turbulent wind speeds at sea. To enable deployment of wind turbines in deep-water locations, structures are being explored, where wind turbines are placed on a floating platform. This combined structure presents a new control problem, due to the partly unconstrained movement of the platform and ocean wave excitation. If this additional complexity is not dealt with properly, this may lead to a significant increase in the structural loads and, potentially, instability of the controlled system. In this paper, the wave excitation is investigated, and we show the influence that both wind speed, wave frequencies and misalignment between wind and waves have on the system dynamics. A new control model is derived that extends standard turbine models to include the hydrodynamics, additional platform degrees of freedom, the platform mooring system and tower side-side motion, including gyroscopic effects. The models support a model-based design that includes estimators for wind speed and wave frequency. The design is applied to a number of examples representing different wind and wave conditions and successfully demonstrates a reduction in the structural oscillations, while improving power performance.

Suggested Citation

  • Søren Christiansen & Thomas Bak & Torben Knudsen, 2013. "Damping Wind and Wave Loads on a Floating Wind Turbine," Energies, MDPI, vol. 6(8), pages 1-20, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:6:y:2013:i:8:p:4097-4116:d:27865
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Wei Sun & Mohan Liu & Yi Liang, 2015. "Wind Speed Forecasting Based on FEEMD and LSSVM Optimized by the Bat Algorithm," Energies, MDPI, vol. 8(7), pages 1-23, June.
    2. Díaz, H. & Silva, D. & Bernardo, C. & Guedes Soares, C., 2023. "Micro sitting of floating wind turbines in a wind farm using a multi-criteria framework," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 204(C), pages 449-474.
    3. Sang Lee & Matthew Churchfield & Frederick Driscoll & Senu Sirnivas & Jason Jonkman & Patrick Moriarty & Bjόrn Skaare & Finn Gunnar Nielsen & Erik Byklum, 2018. "Load Estimation of Offshore Wind Turbines," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(7), pages 1-15, July.
    4. Xiaohui Zeng & Yang Yu & Liang Zhang & Qingquan Liu & Han Wu, 2014. "A New Energy-Absorbing Device for Motion Suppression in Deep-Sea Floating Platforms," Energies, MDPI, vol. 8(1), pages 1-22, December.
    5. Pustina, L. & Serafini, J. & Pasquali, C. & Solero, L. & Lidozzi, A. & Gennaretti, M., 2023. "A novel resonant controller for sea-induced rotor blade vibratory loads reduction on floating offshore wind turbines," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 173(C).
    6. Antonutti, Raffaello & Peyrard, Christophe & Johanning, Lars & Incecik, Atilla & Ingram, David, 2016. "The effects of wind-induced inclination on the dynamics of semi-submersible floating wind turbines in the time domain," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 88(C), pages 83-94.
    7. Goupee, Andrew J. & Kimball, Richard W. & Dagher, Habib J., 2017. "Experimental observations of active blade pitch and generator control influence on floating wind turbine response," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 104(C), pages 9-19.
    8. Díaz, H. & Guedes Soares, C., 2020. "An integrated GIS approach for site selection of floating offshore wind farms in the Atlantic continental European coastline," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 134(C).
    9. Kwansu Kim & Hyunjong Kim & Hyungyu Kim & Jaehoon Son & Jungtae Kim & Jongpo Park, 2021. "Resonance Avoidance Control Algorithm for Semi-Submersible Floating Offshore Wind Turbine," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(14), pages 1-17, July.
    10. Wakui, Tetsuya & Yoshimura, Motoki & Yokoyama, Ryohei, 2017. "Multiple-feedback control of power output and platform pitching motion for a floating offshore wind turbine-generator system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 141(C), pages 563-578.
    11. Cian J. Desmond & Jan-Christoph Hinrichs & Jimmy Murphy, 2019. "Uncertainty in the Physical Testing of Floating Wind Energy Platforms’ Accuracy versus Precision," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(3), pages 1-14, January.
    12. Joannes Olondriz & Iker Elorza & Josu Jugo & Santi Alonso-Quesada & Aron Pujana-Arrese, 2018. "An Advanced Control Technique for Floating Offshore Wind Turbines Based on More Compact Barge Platforms," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(5), pages 1-14, May.
    13. Han, Chenlu & Nagamune, Ryozo, 2020. "Platform position control of floating wind turbines using aerodynamic force," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 151(C), pages 896-907.
    14. Meng, Qingshen & Hua, Xugang & Chen, Chao & Zhou, Shuai & Liu, Feipeng & Chen, Zhengqing, 2022. "Analytical study on the aerodynamic and hydrodynamic damping of the platform in an operating spar-type floating offshore wind turbine," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 198(C), pages 772-788.

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