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Response Surface Methodology: An Emphatic Tool for Optimized Biodiesel Production Using Rice Bran and Sunflower Oils

Author

Listed:
  • Muhammad Waseem Mumtaz

    (Department of Chemistry, GC University Lahore, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
    Department of Chemistry, University of Gujrat, Lahore 54000, Pakistan)

  • Ahmad Adnan

    (Department of Chemistry, GC University Lahore, Lahore 54000, Pakistan)

  • Farooq Anwar

    (Department of Chemistry, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan)

  • Hamid Mukhtar

    (Institute of Industrial biotechnology, GC University Lahore, Lahore 54000, Pakistan)

  • Muhammad Asam Raza

    (Department of Chemistry, University of Gujrat, Lahore 54000, Pakistan)

  • Farooq Ahmad

    (Department of Chemistry, University of Gujrat, Lahore 54000, Pakistan)

  • Umer Rashid

    (Institute of Advanced Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang-43400, Selangor, Malaysia)

Abstract

The current study describes the emphatic use of response surface methodology for the optimized biodiesel production using chemical and enzymatic transesterification of rice bran and sunflower oils. Optimal biodiesel yields were determined to be 65.3 ± 2.0%, 73.4 ± 3.5%, 96.5 ± 1.6%, 89.3 ± 2.0% and 41.7 ± 3.9% for rice bran oil and 65.6 ± 1.2%, 82.1 ± 1.7%, 92.5 ± 2.8%, 72.6 ± 1.6% and 50.4 ± 2.5% for sunflower oil via the transesterification catalyzed by NaOH, KOH and NaOCH 3 ,NOVOZYME-435 and A.n. Lipase, respectively. Based upon analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Response Surface plots significant impact of reaction parameters under study was ascertained. FTIR spectroscopic and HPLC methods were employed for monitoring the transesterification reaction progress while GC-MS analysis was performed to evaluate the compositional analysis of biodiesel. The fuel properties of both the rice bran and sunflower oil based biodiesel were shown to be technically compatible with the ASTM D6751 and EN 14214 standards. The monitoring of exhaust emission of synthesized biodiesels and their blends revealed a marked reduction in carbon monoxide (CO) and particulate matter (PM) levels, whereas an irregular trend was observed for NO x emissions.

Suggested Citation

  • Muhammad Waseem Mumtaz & Ahmad Adnan & Farooq Anwar & Hamid Mukhtar & Muhammad Asam Raza & Farooq Ahmad & Umer Rashid, 2012. "Response Surface Methodology: An Emphatic Tool for Optimized Biodiesel Production Using Rice Bran and Sunflower Oils," Energies, MDPI, vol. 5(9), pages 1-22, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:5:y:2012:i:9:p:3307-3328:d:19866
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Marina Corral Bobadilla & Roberto Fernández Martínez & Rubén Lostado Lorza & Fátima Somovilla Gómez & Eliseo P. Vergara González, 2018. "Optimizing Biodiesel Production from Waste Cooking Oil Using Genetic Algorithm-Based Support Vector Machines," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(11), pages 1-19, November.
    2. Ayesha Mushtaq & Muhammad Asif Hanif & Muhammad Zahid & Umer Rashid & Zahid Mushtaq & Muhammad Zubair & Bryan R. Moser & Fahad A. Alharthi, 2021. "Production and Evaluation of Fractionated Tamarind Seed Oil Methyl Esters as a New Source of Biodiesel," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-13, November.
    3. A Shalmashi & F Khodadadi, 2019. "Ultrasound-assisted synthesis of biodiesel from peanut oil by using response surface methodology," Energy & Environment, , vol. 30(2), pages 272-291, March.
    4. Marina Corral Bobadilla & Rubén Lostado Lorza & Rubén Escribano García & Fátima Somovilla Gómez & Eliseo P. Vergara González, 2017. "An Improvement in Biodiesel Production from Waste Cooking Oil by Applying Thought Multi-Response Surface Methodology Using Desirability Functions," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(1), pages 1-20, January.
    5. Shunli Feng & Yihan Guo & Yulu Ran & Qingzhuoma Yang & Xiyue Cao & Huahao Yang & Yu Cao & Qingrui Xu & Dairong Qiao & Hui Xu & Yi Cao, 2023. "Production of Microbial Lipids by Saitozyma podzolica Zwy2-3 Using Corn Straw Hydrolysate, the Analysis of Lipid Composition, and the Prediction of Biodiesel Properties," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(18), pages 1-22, September.
    6. Hoang, Anh Tuan & Tabatabaei, Meisam & Aghbashlo, Mortaza & Carlucci, Antonio Paolo & Ölçer, Aykut I. & Le, Anh Tuan & Ghassemi, Abbas, 2021. "Rice bran oil-based biodiesel as a promising renewable fuel alternative to petrodiesel: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 135(C).
    7. Sergio Nogales-Delgado & Nuria Sánchez & José María Encinar, 2020. "Valorization of Cynara Cardunculus L. Oil as the Basis of a Biorefinery for Biodiesel and Biolubricant Production," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(19), pages 1-19, September.
    8. Lourenço, Vitor Alves & Nadaleti, Willian Cézar & Vieira, Bruno Müller & Li, Hu, 2021. "Investigation of ethyl biodiesel via transesterification of rice bran oil: bioenergy from residual biomass in Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul - Brazil," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 144(C).
    9. Akram, Sadia & Mumtaz, Muhammad Waseem & Danish, Muhammad & Mukhtar, Hamid & Irfan, Ahmad & Raza, Syed Ali & Wang, Zhen & Arshad, Muhammad, 2019. "Impact of cerium oxide and cerium composite oxide as nano additives on the gaseous exhaust emission profile of waste cooking oil based biodiesel at full engine load conditions," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 143(C), pages 898-905.

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