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Energy-Oriented Economic Evaluation of Phase Shifters Utilizing Risk-Adjusted Lifecycle Cost Analysis

Author

Listed:
  • Hui Cai

    (Economic and Technological Research Institute, State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co., Ltd., Nanjing 210008, China)

  • Wanchun Qi

    (Economic and Technological Research Institute, State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co., Ltd., Nanjing 210008, China)

  • Zhuyi Peng

    (Economic and Technological Research Institute, State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co., Ltd., Nanjing 210008, China)

  • Jie Zou

    (School of Electrical and Power Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China)

  • Wentao Sun

    (Economic and Technological Research Institute, State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co., Ltd., Nanjing 210008, China)

  • Ying Zhu

    (School of Electrical and Power Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China)

  • Xingning Han

    (Economic and Technological Research Institute, State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co., Ltd., Nanjing 210008, China)

Abstract

In response to the growing need for efficient and sustainable energy systems, phase shifters are pivotal in enhancing the flexibility and reliability of power grids while facilitating the integration of renewable energy sources. This paper conducts a comprehensive economic evaluation of various phase shifter technologies, including symmetrical dual-core mechanical phase shifters, electronic phase shifters, and controllable phase shifters, using a lifecycle cost (LCC) analysis framework tailored for the energy sector. The assessment employs probability distributions and Monte Carlo simulation methods to analyze their economic performance, considering key energy-related cost factors such as initial investment, operational efficiency, maintenance, and decommissioning. An uncertainty analysis is introduced to refine the accuracy of LCC calculations, while sensitivity analysis highlights the influence of cost fluctuations—especially in initial investment and operating costs—on overall performance. The results reveal that while large-capacity phase shifters involve higher upfront costs, their superior operational efficiency and lower long-term unit costs can provide substantial economic advantages for sustainable energy applications. These findings offer valuable insights for optimizing energy equipment selection and guiding investment decisions in the transition toward greener and more resilient energy systems.

Suggested Citation

  • Hui Cai & Wanchun Qi & Zhuyi Peng & Jie Zou & Wentao Sun & Ying Zhu & Xingning Han, 2025. "Energy-Oriented Economic Evaluation of Phase Shifters Utilizing Risk-Adjusted Lifecycle Cost Analysis," Energies, MDPI, vol. 18(5), pages 1-20, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:18:y:2025:i:5:p:1193-:d:1602429
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Fangxu Gui & Heng Chen & Xinyue Zhao & Peiyuan Pan & Cheng Xin & Xue Jiang, 2024. "Enhancing Economic Efficiency: Analyzing Transformer Life-Cycle Costs in Power Grids," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(3), pages 1-21, January.
    2. Wang, Cheng & Ju, Yonglin & Fu, Yunzhun, 2021. "Comparative life cycle cost analysis of low pressure fuel gas supply systems for LNG fueled ships," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 218(C).
    3. Paweł Albrechtowicz & Bartosz Rozegnał & Jerzy Szczepanik & Maciej Sułowicz & Piotr Cisek, 2023. "Application of Phase-Shifting Transformer with Longitudinal and Transverse Voltage Regulation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(12), pages 1-15, June.
    4. Emmanuel Karapidakis & Marios Nikologiannis & Marini Markaki & Georgios Kouzoukas & Sofia Yfanti, 2025. "Enhancing Renewable Energy Integration and Implementing EV Charging Stations for Sustainable Electricity in Crete’s Supermarket Chain," Energies, MDPI, vol. 18(3), pages 1-22, February.
    5. Long Zhan & Hui Chang & Xiaolu Zhu & Xin Zhao & Gang Wei & Ziyu Cai & Haibin Xie & Xinyue Zhao & Heng Chen, 2024. "Analysis of Factors Influencing Life Cycle Costs of Transformers Based on TOPSIS Method," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(23), pages 1-20, November.
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