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Numerical Study on the Characteristics of Hydrogen Leakage, Diffusion and Ventilation in Ships

Author

Listed:
  • Chang-Yong Lee

    (Department of Maritime Police & Technology, Gangwon State University, Gangneung 25425, Republic of Korea)

  • Sang-Kyun Park

    (Division of Maritime AI & Cyber Security, National Korea Maritime and Ocean University, Busan 49112, Republic of Korea)

Abstract

Hydrogen is a promising environmentally friendly fuel with the potential for zero-carbon emissions, particularly in maritime applications. However, owing to its wide flammability range (4–75%), significant safety concerns persist. In confined spaces, hydrogen leaks can lead to explosions, posing a risk to both lives and assets. This study conducts a numerical analysis to investigate hydrogen flow within hydrogen storage rooms aboard ships, with the goal of developing efficient ventilation strategies. Through simulations performed using ANSYS-CFX, this research evaluates hydrogen diffusion, stratification, and ventilation performance. A vertex angle of 120° at the ceiling demonstrated superior ventilation efficiency compared to that at 177°, while air inlets positioned on side-wall floors or mid-sections proved more effective than those located near the ceiling. The most efficient ventilation occurred at a velocity of 1.82 m/s, achieving 20 air exchanges per hour. These findings provide valuable insights for the design of safer hydrogen vessel operations.

Suggested Citation

  • Chang-Yong Lee & Sang-Kyun Park, 2025. "Numerical Study on the Characteristics of Hydrogen Leakage, Diffusion and Ventilation in Ships," Energies, MDPI, vol. 18(2), pages 1-20, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:18:y:2025:i:2:p:448-:d:1571965
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Shu, Zhiyong & Liang, Wenqing & Zheng, Xiaohong & Lei, Gang & Cao, Peng & Dai, Wenxiao & Qian, Hua, 2021. "Dispersion characteristics of hydrogen leakage: Comparing the prediction model with the experiment," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 236(C).
    2. Lyu, Shan & Huang, Xiaomei & Peng, Shini & Sun, Mengxiao & Qi, Qi & Aimaieraili, Dulikunjiang, 2024. "A novel method for analyzing the leakage and diffusion of hydrogen: First arrival time distribution," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 198(C).
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