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Application of the Typology Approach for Energy Renovation Planning of Public Buildings’ Stocks at the Local Level: A Case Study in Greece

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  • George M. Stavrakakis

    (MES Energy S.A., Aiolou Str. No.67, 10559 Athens, Greece
    Department of Mechanical Engineering, Hellenic Mediterranean University, Estavromenos, 71410 Heraklion, Greece)

  • Dimitris Bakirtzis

    (MES Energy S.A., Aiolou Str. No.67, 10559 Athens, Greece
    Department of Mechanical Engineering, Hellenic Mediterranean University, Estavromenos, 71410 Heraklion, Greece)

  • Korina-Konstantina Drakaki

    (MES Energy S.A., Aiolou Str. No.67, 10559 Athens, Greece)

  • Sofia Yfanti

    (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Hellenic Mediterranean University, Estavromenos, 71410 Heraklion, Greece
    Division of Environment and Agricultural Production, Municipality of Hersonissos, Eleftherias Str. No.50, 70014 Hersonissos, Greece)

  • Dimitris Al. Katsaprakakis

    (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Hellenic Mediterranean University, Estavromenos, 71410 Heraklion, Greece)

  • Konstantinos Braimakis

    (Department of Thermal Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, National Technical University of 8 Athens, 9 Heroon Polytechniou Str., 15780 Zografou, Greece)

  • Panagiotis Langouranis

    (MES Energy S.A., Aiolou Str. No.67, 10559 Athens, Greece)

  • Konstantinos Terzis

    (MES Energy S.A., Aiolou Str. No.67, 10559 Athens, Greece)

  • Panagiotis L. Zervas

    (MES Energy S.A., Aiolou Str. No.67, 10559 Athens, Greece)

Abstract

According to the latest energy efficiency European directive (EED 2023/1791/EU), the expected energy renovation rate of at least 3% of the buildings’ floor area each year towards nearly zero-energy buildings (nZEBs) is extended to include public buildings not only of the central government (as per the first EED 2012/27/EU) but also of regional and local authorities. This poses a great challenge, especially for Municipalities that often manage large building stocks with high energy demands. In response to this challenge, this paper presents the application of the so-called “typology approach” for conducting public buildings’ energy renovation plans at the local level. A computational survey is initially introduced to decide the optimal set of building-stock clustering criteria among all possible combinations, involving the minimization of the RMSE index regarding the primary energy consumption of each building. For a representative building from each identified typology, the key performance indicators (KPIs) are computed for alternative energy-upgrading scenarios. Exploiting the IMPULSE Interreg-MED project tools, the KPIs from each representative building are at first extrapolated to all buildings of the examined stock and, finally, a gradual energy renovation plan is automatically produced based on user-defined decision parameters including the required annual renovation rate. The methodology is applied for the case of the Municipality of Hersonissos in Greece. For the specific 44-buildings’ stock it was found that the optimal clustering set included four criteria, building use, construction year, heating, and a cooling system, leading to 15 building typologies. Finally, assuming a 7% renovation rate per year, a 12-year gradual renovation (nZEB transformation) plan is obtained foreseeing an 85% CO 2 emissions’ reduction.

Suggested Citation

  • George M. Stavrakakis & Dimitris Bakirtzis & Korina-Konstantina Drakaki & Sofia Yfanti & Dimitris Al. Katsaprakakis & Konstantinos Braimakis & Panagiotis Langouranis & Konstantinos Terzis & Panagiotis, 2024. "Application of the Typology Approach for Energy Renovation Planning of Public Buildings’ Stocks at the Local Level: A Case Study in Greece," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(3), pages 1-30, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:17:y:2024:i:3:p:689-:d:1330534
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. César Benavente-Peces & Nisrine Ibadah, 2020. "Buildings Energy Efficiency Analysis and Classification Using Various Machine Learning Technique Classifiers," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(13), pages 1-24, July.
    2. Hsu, David, 2015. "Comparison of integrated clustering methods for accurate and stable prediction of building energy consumption data," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 160(C), pages 153-163.
    3. George M. Stavrakakis & Panagiotis L. Zervas & Konstantinos Terzis & Panagiotis Langouranis & Panagiota Saranti & Yorgos J. Stephanedes, 2023. "Exploitation of Mediterranean Cooperation Projects’ Tools for the Development of Public Buildings’ Energy Efficiency Plans at Local Level: A Case Study in Greece," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(8), pages 1-33, April.
    4. Emmanuel N. Efthymiou & Sofia Yfanti & George Kyriakarakos & Panagiotis L. Zervas & Panagiotis Langouranis & Konstantinos Terzis & George M. Stavrakakis, 2022. "A Practical Methodology for Building a Municipality-Led Renewable Energy Community: A Photovoltaics-Based Case Study for the Municipality of Hersonissos in Crete, Greece," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(19), pages 1-31, October.
    5. Gianluca Ruggieri & Francesca Andreolli & Paolo Zangheri, 2023. "A Policy Roadmap for the Energy Renovation of the Residential and Educational Building Stock in Italy," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(3), pages 1-20, January.
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