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Towards Simpler Approaches for Assessing Fuel Efficiency and CO 2 Emissions of Vehicle Engines in Real Traffic Conditions Using On-Board Diagnostic Data

Author

Listed:
  • Fredy Rosero

    (Faculty of Engineering in Applied Sciences, Universidad Técnica del Norte, Ibarra 100102, Ecuador)

  • Carlos Xavier Rosero

    (Faculty of Engineering in Applied Sciences, Universidad Técnica del Norte, Ibarra 100102, Ecuador)

  • Carlos Segovia

    (Faculty of Engineering in Applied Sciences, Universidad Técnica del Norte, Ibarra 100102, Ecuador)

Abstract

Discrepancies between laboratory vehicle performance and real-world traffic conditions have been reported in numerous studies. In response, emission and fuel regulatory frameworks started incorporating real-world traffic evaluations and vehicle monitoring using portable emissions measurement systems (PEMS) and on-board diagnostic (OBD) data. However, in regions with technical and economic constraints, such as Latin America, the use of PEMS is often limited, highlighting the need for low-cost methodologies to assess vehicle performance. OBD interfaces provide extensive vehicle and engine operational data in this context, offering a valuable alternative for analyzing vehicle performance in real-world conditions. This study proposes a straightforward methodology for assessing vehicle fuel efficiency and carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emissions under real-world traffic conditions using OBD data. An experimental campaign was conducted with three gasoline-powered passenger vehicles representative of the Ecuadorian fleet, operating as urban taxis in Ibarra, Ecuador. This methodology employs an OBD interface paired with a mobile phone data logging application to capture vehicle kinematics, engine parameters, and fuel consumption. These data were used to develop engine maps and assess vehicle performance using the vehicle-specific power (VSP) approach based on the energy required for vehicle propulsion. Additionally, VSP analysis combined with OBD data facilitated the development of an energy-emission model to characterize fuel consumption and CO 2 emissions for the tested vehicles. The results demonstrate that OBD systems effectively monitor vehicle performance in real-world conditions, offering crucial insights for improving urban transportation sustainability. Consequently, OBD data serve as a critical resource for research supporting decarbonization efforts in Latin America.

Suggested Citation

  • Fredy Rosero & Carlos Xavier Rosero & Carlos Segovia, 2024. "Towards Simpler Approaches for Assessing Fuel Efficiency and CO 2 Emissions of Vehicle Engines in Real Traffic Conditions Using On-Board Diagnostic Data," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(19), pages 1-18, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:17:y:2024:i:19:p:4814-:d:1486059
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Bishop, Justin D.K. & Stettler, Marc E.J. & Molden, N. & Boies, Adam M., 2016. "Engine maps of fuel use and emissions from transient driving cycles," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 183(C), pages 202-217.
    2. Rosero, Fredy & Fonseca, Natalia & López, José-María & Casanova, Jesús, 2021. "Effects of passenger load, road grade, and congestion level on real-world fuel consumption and emissions from compressed natural gas and diesel urban buses," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 282(PB).
    3. Mera, Zamir & Varella, Roberto & Baptista, Patrícia & Duarte, Gonçalo & Rosero, Fredy, 2022. "Including engine data for energy and pollutants assessment into the vehicle specific power methodology," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 311(C).
    4. Rosero, Fredy & Fonseca, Natalia & López, José-María & Casanova, Jesús, 2020. "Real-world fuel efficiency and emissions from an urban diesel bus engine under transient operating conditions," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 261(C).
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