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Open-Source Internet of Things-Based Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition System for Photovoltaic Monitoring and Control Using HTTP and TCP/IP Protocols

Author

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  • Wajahat Khalid

    (Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL A1C 5S7, Canada)

  • Mohsin Jamil

    (Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL A1C 5S7, Canada)

  • Ashraf Ali Khan

    (Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL A1C 5S7, Canada)

  • Qasim Awais

    (Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL A1C 5S7, Canada
    Department of Electronics & Computer Science, Fatima Jinnah Women University, Old Presidency, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan)

Abstract

This study presents a cost-effective IoT-based Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition system for the real-time monitoring and control of photovoltaic systems in a rural Pakistani community. The system utilizes the Blynk platform with Arduino Nano, GSM SIM800L, and ESP-32 microcontrollers. The key components include a ZMPT101B voltage sensor, ACS712 current sensors, and a Maximum Power Point Tracking module for optimizing power output. The system operates over both Global System for Mobile Communications and Wi-Fi networks, employing universal asynchronous receiver–transmitter serial communication and using the transmission control protocol/Internet protocol and hypertext transfer protocol for data exchange. Testing showed that the system consumes only 3.462 W of power, making it highly efficient. With an implementation cost of CAD 35.52, it offers an affordable solution for rural areas. The system achieved an average data transmission latency of less than 2 s over Wi-Fi and less than 5 s over GSM, ensuring timely data updates and control. The Blynk 2.0 app provides data retention capabilities, allowing users to access historical data for performance analysis and optimization. This open-source SCADA system demonstrates significant potential for improving efficiency and user engagement in renewable energy management, offering a scalable solution for global applications.

Suggested Citation

  • Wajahat Khalid & Mohsin Jamil & Ashraf Ali Khan & Qasim Awais, 2024. "Open-Source Internet of Things-Based Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition System for Photovoltaic Monitoring and Control Using HTTP and TCP/IP Protocols," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(16), pages 1-28, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:17:y:2024:i:16:p:4083-:d:1457966
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Khan, Hassan Abbas & Ahmad, Husnain Fateh & Nasir, Mashood & Nadeem, Muhammad Fatiq & Zaffar, Nauman Ahmed, 2018. "Decentralised electric power delivery for rural electrification in Pakistan," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 120(C), pages 312-323.
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