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Reducing CO 2 Emissions through the Strategic Optimization of a Bulk Carrier Fleet for Loading and Transporting Polymetallic Nodules from the Clarion-Clipperton Zone

Author

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  • Tomasz Cepowski

    (Faculty of Navigation, Maritime University of Szczecin, 1-2 Wały Chrobrego St., 70-500 Szczecin, Poland)

  • Paweł Kacprzak

    (Faculty of Navigation, Maritime University of Szczecin, 1-2 Wały Chrobrego St., 70-500 Szczecin, Poland)

Abstract

As global maritime cargo transportation intensifies, managing CO 2 emissions from ships becomes increasingly crucial. This article explores optimizing bulk carrier fleets for transporting polymetallic nodules (PMNs) from the Clarion-Clipperton Zone (CCZ) to reduce CO 2 emissions. Our analysis shows that larger bulk carriers, despite greater drifting forces from environmental conditions, emit less CO 2 over the entire transport mission, including loading and transit. Deploying large ships in global maritime trade could significantly reduce CO 2 emissions. This study also introduces a novel artificial neural network (ANN) model to estimate drifting forces during loading operations and proposes a new method for estimating CO 2 emissions, considering environmental conditions and ship seakeeping properties. These findings highlight the importance of fleet size optimization and effective operational planning in achieving environmental sustainability in maritime transport.

Suggested Citation

  • Tomasz Cepowski & Paweł Kacprzak, 2024. "Reducing CO 2 Emissions through the Strategic Optimization of a Bulk Carrier Fleet for Loading and Transporting Polymetallic Nodules from the Clarion-Clipperton Zone," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(14), pages 1-30, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:17:y:2024:i:14:p:3383-:d:1432282
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    4. Svetlana V. Obydenkova & Lucie V. E. Defauw & Panos D. Kouris & David M. J. Smeulders & Michael D. Boot & Yvonne van der Meer, 2022. "Environmental and Economic Assessment of a Novel Solvolysis-Based Biorefinery Producing Lignin-Derived Marine Biofuel and Cellulosic Ethanol," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(14), pages 1-29, July.
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