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Honeycomb-like Hierarchical Porous Carbon from Lignosulphonate by Enzymatic Hydrolysis and Alkali Activation for High-Performance Supercapacitors

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  • Xin Zhang

    (School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
    National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomass Refining and High-Quality Utilization, Changzhou 213164, China)

  • Shi Liu

    (School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China)

  • Yuqi Zhao

    (School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China)

  • Haicun Yang

    (School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China)

  • Jinchun Li

    (School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
    National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomass Refining and High-Quality Utilization, Changzhou 213164, China
    Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Polymeric Materials, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China)

Abstract

Porous carbon materials (PCs) were prepared via hydrothermal carbonization from calcium lignosulfonate (CL) based on enzymatic hydrolysis and alkali activation. The effects of enzymatic hydrolysis and different KOH feeding ratios on the structure and electrochemical properties of enzymatic hydrolysis CL (EHCL)-derived PCs were evaluated in detail. The results showed that the EHCL-derived PCs showed a higher SSA than that of CL. When the mass ratio of KOH/EHCL was 3/2, the PCs exhibited a honeycomb-like microscopic morphology with a specific surface area of up to 1771 m 2 /g and a 3D hierarchical porous structure composed of abundant micropores, mesopores, and macropores. As an electrode in a supercapacitor, the highest specific capacitance was 147 F/g at a current density of 0.25 A/g, and it maintained 78% of the initial value at a high current density of 10 A/g. The excellent electrochemical cycle and structural stability were confirmed on the condition of a higher capacitance retention of 95.2% after 5000 times of galvanostatic charge/discharge. This work provides a potential application of CL in high-performance supercapacitors.

Suggested Citation

  • Xin Zhang & Shi Liu & Yuqi Zhao & Haicun Yang & Jinchun Li, 2023. "Honeycomb-like Hierarchical Porous Carbon from Lignosulphonate by Enzymatic Hydrolysis and Alkali Activation for High-Performance Supercapacitors," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(9), pages 1-17, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:9:p:3824-:d:1136454
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