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Phase Field Study of Cr-Oxide Growth Kinetics in the Crofer 22 APU Alloy Supported by Wagner’s Theory

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  • Kai Wang

    (Institute for Energy and Climate Research, IEK-2, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany)

  • Robert Spatschek

    (Institute for Energy and Climate Research, IEK-2, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
    JARA-ENERGY, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany)

Abstract

The Crofer 22 APU alloy is a frequently used metallic material to manufacture interconnects in solid oxide fuel cells. However, the formation and evaporation of Cr 2 O 3 not only increases the electrical resistance but also leads to the Cr-related degradation over the service time. In order to investigate the growth kinetics of Cr-oxide, i.e., Cr 2 O 3 , the multi-phase field model coupled with reliable CALPHAD databases is employed. The phase field simulation results are benchmarked with the predictions of Wagner’s theory. Moreover, we evidence the influence of the temperature and Cr concentration on the ferritic matrix phase and the oxygen concentration at the Cr 2 O 3 /gas interface on the growth kinetics of Cr-oxide, paving the way for further investigations of Cr-related solid oxide fuel cell degradation processes.

Suggested Citation

  • Kai Wang & Robert Spatschek, 2023. "Phase Field Study of Cr-Oxide Growth Kinetics in the Crofer 22 APU Alloy Supported by Wagner’s Theory," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(8), pages 1-11, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:8:p:3574-:d:1128576
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Zarabi Golkhatmi, Sanaz & Asghar, Muhammad Imran & Lund, Peter D., 2022. "A review on solid oxide fuel cell durability: Latest progress, mechanisms, and study tools," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 161(C).
    2. Chehrmonavari, Hamed & Kakaee, Amirhasan & Hosseini, Seyed Ehsan & Desideri, Umberto & Tsatsaronis, George & Floerchinger, Gus & Braun, Robert & Paykani, Amin, 2023. "Hybridizing solid oxide fuel cells with internal combustion engines for power and propulsion systems: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 171(C).
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