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Hydrogen Production by Catalytic Supercritical Water Gasification of Black Liquor-Based Wastewater

Author

Listed:
  • Hary Demey

    (CEA, LITEN, DTCH, Laboratoire Réacteurs et Procédés (LRP), University Grenoble Alpes, F-38000 Grenoble, France)

  • Gilles Ratel

    (CEA, LITEN, DTCH, Laboratoire Réacteurs et Procédés (LRP), University Grenoble Alpes, F-38000 Grenoble, France)

  • Bruno Lacaze

    (CEA, LITEN, DTCH, Laboratoire Réacteurs et Procédés (LRP), University Grenoble Alpes, F-38000 Grenoble, France)

  • Olivier Delattre

    (CEA, LITEN, DTCH, Laboratoire Réacteurs et Procédés (LRP), University Grenoble Alpes, F-38000 Grenoble, France)

  • Geert Haarlemmer

    (CEA, LITEN, DTCH, Laboratoire Réacteurs et Procédés (LRP), University Grenoble Alpes, F-38000 Grenoble, France)

  • Anne Roubaud

    (CEA, LITEN, DTCH, Laboratoire Réacteurs et Procédés (LRP), University Grenoble Alpes, F-38000 Grenoble, France)

Abstract

In this work, the wastewater obtained from the hydrothermal liquefaction of black liquor was treated and valorized for hydrogen production by supercritical water gasification (SCWG). The influence of the main process parameters on the conversion yield was studied. The experiments were conducted at three different temperatures (below and above the critical point of water): 350 °C, 450 °C and 600 °C. The results showed that by increasing the temperature from 350 °C to 600 °C, the total gas yield was highly improved (from 1.9 mol gas/kg of dried feedstock to 13.1 mol gas/kg of dried feedstock). The H 2 composition was higher than that of CH 4 and CO 2 at 600 °C, and the HHV of the obtained gas was 61.2 MJ/kg. The total organic carbon (TOC) removal efficiency was also improved by increasing the temperature, indicating that the SCWG process could be used for both applications: (i) for wastewater treatment; (ii) for producing a high calorific gas. The experiments with the Raney-nickel catalyst were performed in order to study the catalyst’s influence on the conversion yield. The results indicated that the catalyst enhances carbon conversion and gas production from mild to higher temperatures. The maximum total gas yield obtained with this catalyst was 32.4 mol gas/kg of dried feedstock at 600 °C, which is 2.5 times higher than that obtained at the same operating conditions without a catalyst. The H 2 yield and the HHV of the obtained gas with the catalyst were 20.98 mol gas/kg dried feedstock and 80.2 MJ/kg, respectively. However, the major contribution of the catalytic SCWG process was the improvement of the total gas yield at mild operating temperatures (450 °C), and the obtained performance was even higher than that obtained at 600 °C without catalyst (17.81 mol gas/kg dried feedstock and 13.1 mol gas/kg dried feedstock, respectively). This is a sustainable approach for treating wastewater at mild temperatures by catalytic SCWG.

Suggested Citation

  • Hary Demey & Gilles Ratel & Bruno Lacaze & Olivier Delattre & Geert Haarlemmer & Anne Roubaud, 2023. "Hydrogen Production by Catalytic Supercritical Water Gasification of Black Liquor-Based Wastewater," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(8), pages 1-13, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:8:p:3343-:d:1119421
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Chen, Yunan & Yi, Lei & Wei, Wenwen & Jin, Hui & Guo, Liejin, 2022. "Hydrogen production by sewage sludge gasification in supercritical water with high heating rate batch reactor," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 238(PA).
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    1. Ke Ren & Fangjie Ding & Lijun Zhang & Fengping Peng & Jianzhong Guo & Chunzheng Wu, 2024. "Enhanced H 2 Generation via Piezoelectric Reforming of Waste Sugars and Fruits Using Au-Decorated g-C 3 N 4," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(10), pages 1-13, May.
    2. Kumar, Vineet & Malyan, Sandeep Kumar & Apollon, Wilgince & Verma, Pradeep, 2024. "Valorization of pulp and paper industry waste streams into bioenergy and value-added products: An integrated biorefinery approach," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 228(C).

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