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Intelligent Control Schemes for Maximum Power Extraction from Photovoltaic Arrays under Faults

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  • Azhar Ul-Haq

    (Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO 65409, USA
    Electrical Engineering Department, College of EME, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Rawalpindi 43701, Punjab, Pakistan)

  • Shah Fahad

    (Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO 65409, USA)

  • Saba Gul

    (Electrical Engineering Department, College of EME, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Rawalpindi 43701, Punjab, Pakistan)

  • Rui Bo

    (Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO 65409, USA)

Abstract

Investigation of power output from PV arrays under different fault conditions is an essential task to enhance performance of a photovoltaic system under all operating conditions. Significant reduction in power output can occur during various PV faults such as module disconnection, bypass diode failure, bridge fault, and short circuit fault under non-uniform shading conditions. These PV faults may cause several peaks in the characteristics curve of PV arrays, which can lead to failure of the MPPT control strategy. In fact, impact of a fault can differ depending on the type of PV array, and it can make the control of the system more complex. Therefore, consideration of suitable PV arrays with an effective control design is necessary for maximum power output from a PV system. For this purpose, the proposed study presents a comparative study of two intelligent control schemes, i.e., fuzzy logic (FL) and particle swarm optimization (PSO), with a conventional control scheme known as perturb and observe (P&O) for power extraction from a PV system. The comparative analysis is based on the performance of the control strategies under several faults and the types of PV modules, i.e., monocrystalline and thin-film PV arrays. In this study, numerical analysis for complex fault scenarios like multiple faults under partial shading have also been performed. Different from the previous literature, this study will reveal the performance of FL-, PSO-, and P&O-based MPPT strategies to track maximum peak power during multiple severe fault conditions while considering the accuracy and fast-tracking efficiencies of the control techniques. A thorough analysis along with in-depth quantitative data are presented, confirming the superiority of intelligent control techniques under multiple faults and different PV types.

Suggested Citation

  • Azhar Ul-Haq & Shah Fahad & Saba Gul & Rui Bo, 2023. "Intelligent Control Schemes for Maximum Power Extraction from Photovoltaic Arrays under Faults," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(2), pages 1-24, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:2:p:974-:d:1036606
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Ahmed, Jubaer & Salam, Zainal, 2015. "A critical evaluation on maximum power point tracking methods for partial shading in PV systems," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 47(C), pages 933-953.
    2. Carlos Robles Algarín & John Taborda Giraldo & Omar Rodríguez Álvarez, 2017. "Fuzzy Logic Based MPPT Controller for a PV System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(12), pages 1-18, December.
    3. Seyedmahmoudian, M. & Horan, B. & Soon, T. Kok & Rahmani, R. & Than Oo, A. Muang & Mekhilef, S. & Stojcevski, A., 2016. "State of the art artificial intelligence-based MPPT techniques for mitigating partial shading effects on PV systems – A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 64(C), pages 435-455.
    4. Yilun Shang, 2018. "Resilient Multiscale Coordination Control against Adversarial Nodes," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(7), pages 1-17, July.
    5. Ahmed, Jubaer & Salam, Zainal, 2014. "A Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) for PV system using Cuckoo Search with partial shading capability," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 119(C), pages 118-130.
    6. Ashwin Kumar Devarakonda & Natarajan Karuppiah & Tamilselvi Selvaraj & Praveen Kumar Balachandran & Ravivarman Shanmugasundaram & Tomonobu Senjyu, 2022. "A Comparative Analysis of Maximum Power Point Techniques for Solar Photovoltaic Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(22), pages 1-30, November.
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