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Assessment of the Impact of Lubricating Oil Contamination by Biodiesel on Trunk Piston Engine Reliability

Author

Listed:
  • Leszek Chybowski

    (Department of Machine Construction and Materials, Faculty of Marine Engineering, Maritime University of Szczecin, ul. Willowa 2, 71-650 Szczecin, Poland)

  • Przemysław Kowalak

    (Department of Marine Power Plants, Faculty of Marine Engineering, Maritime University of Szczecin, ul. Willowa, 71-650 Szczecin, Poland)

  • Piotr Dąbrowski

    (Independent Researcher, 71-650 Szczecin, Poland)

Abstract

The rheological, ignition, and tribological properties of lubricating oils diluted with biodiesel were analyzed. The flash point t FP , calculated cetane index CCI , density ρ , coefficient of the temperature density change ε , kinematic viscosity ν , dynamic viscosity η , viscosity index VI , and lubricity during a High-Frequency Reciprocating Rig (HFFR) test ( x , y , WSD , and WS 1.4 ) and lubricating conditions during an HFFR test (oil film resistance FILM and friction coefficient μ ) were determined. The test was performed for the oil mixtures of the lubricating oil of the SAE 30 and SAE 40 viscosity grades, which were diluted with the biodiesel blend (D93B7—diesel oil with 7% v / v fatty acid methyl esters, FAME) at concentrations of diesel oil in the mixture equal to 0% (pure lubricating oil), 1%, 2%, 5%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 50%, and 75% m/m, respectively. The experiment confirmed the existence of clear relationships between the increase in the dilution of lubricating oil with tested biodiesel blend and t FP , ρ , ε , ν , η , and VI , and the deterioration of lubrication conditions. It is recommended to take remedial action even in the case of low diesel oil concentration (<5% m/m) in the lubricating oil due to t FP , ν , and η changes. Simultaneously, the tests showed no significant effect on the lubricity and the CCI . The critical contamination of oil with fuel in the range of 2–5% by weight, as indicated in the literature, still allowed for a certain “safety margin” regarding these parameters. However, when the concentration of diesel fuel in the lubricating oil exceeded 5–8% m/m, the deterioration of the lubrication was expressed by a decrease in FILM and an increase in μ was observed; hence, such a contamination should be considered excessive. When the concentration of diesel fuel exceeds 10% by weight, there is a serious risk of engine damage during operation.

Suggested Citation

  • Leszek Chybowski & Przemysław Kowalak & Piotr Dąbrowski, 2023. "Assessment of the Impact of Lubricating Oil Contamination by Biodiesel on Trunk Piston Engine Reliability," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(13), pages 1-30, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:13:p:5056-:d:1183027
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Leszek Chybowski, 2023. "Study of the Relationship between the Level of Lubricating Oil Contamination with Distillation Fuel and the Risk of Explosion in the Crankcase of a Marine Trunk Type Engine," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(2), pages 1-38, January.
    2. Yanyan Zhang & Ziyuan Ma & Yan Feng & Ziyu Diao & Zhentao Liu, 2021. "The Effects of Ultra-Low Viscosity Engine Oil on Mechanical Efficiency and Fuel Economy," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(8), pages 1-20, April.
    3. Leszek Chybowski, 2022. "The Initial Boiling Point of Lubricating Oil as an Indicator for the Assessment of the Possible Contamination of Lubricating Oil with Diesel Oil," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(21), pages 1-14, October.
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    Cited by:

    1. Leszek Chybowski & Marcin Szczepanek & Katarzyna Gawdzińska, 2024. "Arrhenius Equation for Calculating Viscosity in Assessing the Dilution Level of Lubricating Oil with Diesel Oil—A Case Study of SAE 30 and SAE 40 Grade Marine Lubricating Oils," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(2), pages 1-19, January.
    2. Leszek Chybowski & Marcin Szczepanek & Robert Sztangierski & Piotr Brożek, 2024. "Modeling of Selected Parameters of Used Lubricating Oil Diluted with Diesel Oil Using the Characteristics of Fresh Lubricating Oil," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(9), pages 1-20, April.
    3. Oleh Klyus & Marcin Szczepanek & Grzegorz Kidacki & Paweł Krause & Sławomir Olszowski & Leszek Chybowski, 2024. "The Effect of Internal Combustion Engine Nozzle Needle Profile on Fuel Atomization Quality," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(1), pages 1-31, January.

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