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Comparative Analysis of Injection of Pyrolysis Oil from Plastics and Gasoline into the Engine Cylinder and Atomization by a Direct High-Pressure Injector

Author

Listed:
  • Magdalena Szwaja

    (Department of Thermal Machinery, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Computer Science, Czestochowa University of Technology, Dabrowskiego 69, 42-200 Czestochowa, Poland)

  • Jeffrey D. Naber

    (Department of Mechanical Engineering-Engineering Mechanics, Michigan Technological University, 1400 Townsend Drive, Houghton, MI 49931, USA)

  • David Shonnard

    (Department of Chemical Engineering, Michigan Technological University, 1400 Townsend Drive, Houghton, MI 49931, USA)

  • Daniel Kulas

    (Department of Chemical Engineering, Michigan Technological University, 1400 Townsend Drive, Houghton, MI 49931, USA)

  • Ali Zolghadr

    (Department of Chemical Engineering, Michigan Technological University, 1400 Townsend Drive, Houghton, MI 49931, USA)

  • Stanislaw Szwaja

    (Department of Thermal Machinery, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Computer Science, Czestochowa University of Technology, Dabrowskiego 69, 42-200 Czestochowa, Poland)

Abstract

The article discusses the results of experimental studies on the course of pyrolysis oil injection through the high-pressure injector of a direct-injection engine. The pyrolysis oil used for the tests was derived from waste plastics (mainly high-density polyethylene—HDPE). This oil was then distilled. The article also describes the production technology of this pyrolysis oil on a laboratory scale. It presents the results of the chemical composition of the raw pyrolysis oil and the oil after the distillation process using GC-MS analysis. Fuel injection tests were carried out for the distilled pyrolysis oil and a 91 RON gasoline in order to perform a comparative analysis with the tested pyrolysis oil. In this case, the research was focused on the injected spray cloud analysis. The essential tested parameter was the Sauter Mean Diameter (SMD) of fuel droplets measured at the injection pressure of 400 bar. The analysis showed that the oil after distillation contained a significant proportion of light hydrocarbons similar to gasoline, and that the SMDs for distilled pyrolysis oil and gasoline were similar in the 7–9 µm range. In conclusion, it can be considered that distilled pyrolysis oil from HDPE can be used both as an additive for blending with gasoline in a spark-ignition engine or as a single fuel for a gasoline compression-ignition direct injection engine.

Suggested Citation

  • Magdalena Szwaja & Jeffrey D. Naber & David Shonnard & Daniel Kulas & Ali Zolghadr & Stanislaw Szwaja, 2022. "Comparative Analysis of Injection of Pyrolysis Oil from Plastics and Gasoline into the Engine Cylinder and Atomization by a Direct High-Pressure Injector," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(1), pages 1-11, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2022:i:1:p:420-:d:1019547
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Lei Zhou & Aifang Shao & Haiqiao Wei & Xi Chen, 2017. "Sensitivity Analysis of Heavy Fuel Oil Spray and Combustion under Low-Speed Marine Engine-Like Conditions," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(8), pages 1-19, August.
    2. Jeonghyun Park & Kyung-Hwan Lee & Suhan Park, 2020. "Comprehensive Spray Characteristics of Water in Port Fuel Injection Injector," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(2), pages 1-13, January.
    3. Magdalena Szwaja & Mariusz Chwist & Stanislaw Szwaja & Romualdas Juknelevičius, 2021. "Impact of Pyrolysis Oil Addition to Ethanol on Combustion in the Internal Combustion Spark Ignition Engine," Clean Technol., MDPI, vol. 3(2), pages 1-12, May.
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