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Effect of Fertilization with Meat and Bone Meal on the Production of Biofuel Obtained from Corn Grain

Author

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  • Arkadiusz Stępień

    (Department of Agroecosystems and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, pl. Łódzki 3, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland)

  • Wojciech Rejmer

    (Department of Materials and Machines Technology, Faculty of Technical Sciences, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland)

Abstract

The large volumes of meat and bone meal (MBM) being produced are leading to an increased demand for research into innovative methods of utilizing MBM and obtaining further benefits. The object of this study is to analyze the efficiency of bioethanol and biodiesel production obtained from corn grain fertilized with meat and bone meal produced from animal waste. For the realization of this study, a four-year field experiment was carried out with grain corn fertilized with different doses of meat and bone meal in comparison to fertilization with mineral fertilizers and no fertilization. Fertilization with meat and bone meal should be considered not only for its direct effect but also for the after-effect. The effect of meat and bone meals on obtaining a grain yield higher than that obtained on objects without fertilization and those fertilized with mineral fertilizers was noticeable after applying higher doses from the third year of the study. Fertilization with meat and bone meals did not significantly affect the average fat content of grain, and it only slightly affected the starch content. The positive effect of meat and bone meals on the yield of bioethanol from grain extracted from one hectare was responsible for their yield-forming effect. The differences obtained between years and between fertilizer variants in the yields of ethyl biodiesel and methyl biodiesel per one hectare were mainly related to grain yields, rather than the obtained volume per 1 kg from grain.

Suggested Citation

  • Arkadiusz Stępień & Wojciech Rejmer, 2022. "Effect of Fertilization with Meat and Bone Meal on the Production of Biofuel Obtained from Corn Grain," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(1), pages 1-20, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2022:i:1:p:21-:d:1009191
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    3. Arkadiusz Stępień & Katarzyna Wojtkowiak & Ewelina Kolankowska, 2021. "Use of Meat Industry Waste in the Form of Meat-and-Bone Meal in Fertilising Maize ( Zea mays L.) for Grain," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(5), pages 1-19, March.
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