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Energy Recovery from Waste—Closing the Municipal Loop

Author

Listed:
  • Emilia den Boer

    (Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland)

  • Kamil Banaszkiewicz

    (Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland)

  • Jan den Boer

    (Department of Applied Bioeconomy, Faculty of Life Sciences and Technology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 51-630 Wroclaw, Poland)

  • Iwona Pasiecznik

    (Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland)

Abstract

Municipal waste management in the EU has been challenged to a thorough transformation towards a Circular Economy. It is addressed by a number of quantitative policy targets, including a restriction on municipal waste landfilling to 10% in 2035. This paper presents the data on municipal waste composition in a large Polish city, based on thorough waste sorting analyses. On average, 374 kg of municipal waste is collected per capita in Wroclaw, of which 41% are separately collected fractions. The approach to implement the EU recycling targets until 2035 is presented, including an increase of sorting and recycling efficiency and a significant share of recyclables being retrieved from the residual waste fraction. Notwithstanding the recycling targets, an important stream of residual waste remains, amounting to 200 k ton in 2020 and approx. 130 k ton in 2035, which is available for energy recovery. The respective LHV values range from 8.5 to 7.6 MJ/kg. The results indicate that the residual waste stream, after satisfying the recycling targets, is still suitable for energy recovery through the whole period until 2035. Moreover, it is a necessary step towards closing the materials cycling in the municipal sector and the only option so far to reduce landfilling sufficiently.

Suggested Citation

  • Emilia den Boer & Kamil Banaszkiewicz & Jan den Boer & Iwona Pasiecznik, 2022. "Energy Recovery from Waste—Closing the Municipal Loop," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-20, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:15:y:2022:i:3:p:1246-:d:744685
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    References listed on IDEAS

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