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Selection of Energy Improvement Factors and Economic Analysis of Standard MDU Complexes in Korean Metropolitan Regions

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  • Ki-Won Lee

    (Department of Architectural Engineering, Graduate School, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul 01811, Korea)

  • Young Il Kim

    (School of Architecture, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul 01811, Korea)

Abstract

In Korea, energy consumption within apartments in metropolitan areas accounted for more than 33% of the total energy consumption by buildings in 2020. In this study, in order to increase the energy efficiency of MDU (multi-dwelling unit) complexes in metropolitan areas, improvement factors and economic effects were analyzed using ECO2, a building energy efficiency evaluation program. Optimal improvement measures are proposed, to reduce the economic burden on users by applying energy saving technologies. This study was conducted in four stages; in the first stage, using ECO2 software, five types of apartments were selected as standards among 46 complexes. Standard MDUs were selected if more than two factors were satisfied from among the following: (1) household type, (2) average exterior wall insulation and window performance, (3) average energy consumption and demand per unit area per year, (4) average applied facility system, and (5) average monthly energy demand per unit area. In the second stage, improvement factors were derived by analyzing the 10 most recent energy efficient MDU complexes. The third stage involved analysis of the energy saving effect generated by the improvement of windows and total heat exchangers in five selected complexes. Primary energy consumption per unit area per year improved from 158.8 to 132. kWh/m 2 y in complex E, which had been upgraded from ‘floor heating system’ to ‘total heat exchanger’. Finally, in the fourth stage, optimal improvement factors were selected for economic analysis. By simultaneously applying the optimal improvement factors, such as windows and total heat exchanger, to the M complex, primary energy consumption per unit area per year was improved from 147.6 to 111.4 kWh/m 2 y. When optimal improvement factors were applied to 59 m 2 , 74 m 2 , 84 m 2 types in complex M, life cycle cost savings of energy consumption for 30 years became $1384~1970.

Suggested Citation

  • Ki-Won Lee & Young Il Kim, 2022. "Selection of Energy Improvement Factors and Economic Analysis of Standard MDU Complexes in Korean Metropolitan Regions," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(11), pages 1-24, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:15:y:2022:i:11:p:4042-:d:828796
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Miimu Airaksinen & Pellervo Matilainen, 2011. "A Carbon Footprint of an Office Building," Energies, MDPI, vol. 4(8), pages 1-14, August.
    2. Zhang, Yurong & Wang, Jingjing & Hu, Fangfang & Wang, Yuanfeng, 2017. "Comparison of evaluation standards for green building in China, Britain, United States," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 68(P1), pages 262-271.
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