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Simulation of Perovskite Solar Cells Optimized by the Inverse Planar Method in SILVACO: 3D Electrical and Optical Models

Author

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  • Naser Fakhri

    (Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Tehran North Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran 1651153311, Iran
    These authors contributed equally to this work and considered as co-first author (N.F.), (S.G.F.).)

  • Mohammad Salay Naderi

    (Smart Energy Solutions Group, Sydney, NSW 2032, Australia)

  • Saeid Gholami Farkoush

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea
    These authors contributed equally to this work and considered as co-first author (N.F.), (S.G.F.).)

  • Sanam SaeidNahaei

    (Department of Physics, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea)

  • Si-Na Park

    (Department of Smart Electrical Engineering, Korea Polytechnic Colleges VI, Daegu 429793, Korea)

  • Sang-Bong Rhee

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea)

Abstract

In recent years, perovskite solar cells (PSCs), often referred to as the third generation, have rapidly proliferated. Their most prominent deficiencies are their low efficiency and poor stability. To enhance their productivity, a combination of silicon and perovskite is employed. Here, we present a 3D simulation analysis of various electrical and optical properties of PSCs using the SILVACO simulation software. Using the inverted planar method with inorganic transport materials and the proper selection of anti-reflective coatings with a back contact layer increases the efficiency of PSCs to 28.064%, and enhances their stability without using silicone composites. Several materials, including CaF 2 , SiO 2 , and Al 2 O 3 , with various thicknesses have been employed to investigate the effect of anti-reflective coatings, and to improve the efficiency of the simulated PSC. The best thickness of the absorbent layer is 500 nm, using a CaF 2 anti-reflective coating with an optimal thickness of 110 nm. A polymer composition of Spiro-OMeTAD and inorganic materials Cu 2 O and NiOx was used as the hole transport material (HTM) and inorganic ZnO was employed as the electron transport material (ETM) to optimize the solar cell efficiency, and an optimized thickness was considered for these materials. Yields of 29.261, 28.064 and 27.325% were obtained for Spiro-OMeTAD/ZnO, Cu 2 O/ZnO and NiOx/ZnO, respectively. Thus, Spiro-OMeTAD yields the highest efficiency. This material is highly expensive with a complex synthesis and high degradability. We proposed to employ Cu 2 O to alleviate these problems; however, this reduces the efficiency by 1.197%. As a graphene connector has high flexibility, reduces cell weight, and is cheaper and more accessible compared to other metals, it was regarded as an optimal alternative. The simulation results indicate that using the inverted planar method with inorganic transport materials for graphene-based PSCs is highly promising.

Suggested Citation

  • Naser Fakhri & Mohammad Salay Naderi & Saeid Gholami Farkoush & Sanam SaeidNahaei & Si-Na Park & Sang-Bong Rhee, 2021. "Simulation of Perovskite Solar Cells Optimized by the Inverse Planar Method in SILVACO: 3D Electrical and Optical Models," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(18), pages 1-17, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:18:p:5944-:d:638796
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Moyao Zhang & Qi Chen & Rongming Xue & Yu Zhan & Cheng Wang & Junqi Lai & Jin Yang & Hongzhen Lin & Jianlin Yao & Yaowen Li & Liwei Chen & Yongfang Li, 2019. "Reconfiguration of interfacial energy band structure for high-performance inverted structure perovskite solar cells," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 10(1), pages 1-9, December.
    2. Michael Saliba & Simonetta Orlandi & Taisuke Matsui & Sadig Aghazada & Marco Cavazzini & Juan-Pablo Correa-Baena & Peng Gao & Rosario Scopelliti & Edoardo Mosconi & Klaus-Hermann Dahmen & Filippo De A, 2016. "A molecularly engineered hole-transporting material for efficient perovskite solar cells," Nature Energy, Nature, vol. 1(2), pages 1-7, February.
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